'In your opinion, what are the key corporate governance issues Essay

'As you would like to think, what are the key corporate administration issues introduced for this situation and why' - Essay Example The essential job of corporate administration manages the administration procedure of the partnership just as how the administration relates with a few gatherings that are keen on the activities of the organization, to be specific; investors, representatives, chiefs, clients, leasers and providers. Each association wants to have a decent corporate administration that isn't out to just limit the potential dangers of misrepresentation and disappointment yet additionally to improve the monetary presentation and its venture atmosphere. Such administration relates open reserve funds, speculation, respectability and market certainty making corporate administration a significant consideration so as to accomplish budgetary soundness and financial development for quite a while. The company being referred to is the Royal Dutch/Shell Group which has remained the third biggest creation and oil creation on the planet. The size of the company makes corporate administration a significant factor as it utilizes more than 119, 000 workers in excess of 145 nations (Evans, 2004). For a considerable length of time, Shell/Royal Dutch has been quick to keep up a decent situation among the top most worldwide companies. Its corporate administration has generally been keen on the soundness of the organization comparable to its tasks and name. ... ation Governance Issues The affirmation by Royal Dutch/Shell Group that it was confronting swelled oil holds and that it proposed to minimize around four billion oil and gas saves came about to an excitement among industry investigators just as its financial specialists who came out unequivocally accusing the obscure and complex administration structure that was twin-board for the issues confronting the gathering. Examiners and specialists guaranteed that this kind of structure needed appropriate responsibility just as came about to money related controls (Hanney, 2004). The fundamental organization issue confronting the Royal Dutch/Shell Group is in this way its administration structure that involved a twin board. This structure is accepted to have had a few provisos in its administration hence the few issues related with the gathering. The resulting of the above was a progression of unrest for the gathering. The open declaration of stores decrease guaranteed that the organization w as enamored with accusing human failings through its top officials and not think of pundits on the shortcomings of the structure of Shell (Malin, 2004). The response of the gathering following the mounting pressure from its financial specialists was to establish audits and perceive and valued that it had muddled the association in surprising manners yet at the same time demanded that it is a similar structure that had taken the gathering to the best statures for more than one hundred years in this way is supported by the lawful systems and contrasting expense. The issues confronting Shell are an issue of the gathering as well as an issue confronting the worldwide gas and oil industry. Regal Dutch/Shell Group Governance Structure The fundamental issue confronting the administration of the gathering goes up to a portion of its senior officials who perceive that the company holds were exaggerated. Notwithstanding this acknowledgment,

How to Write a Professional Email - Proofread My Paper

Instructions to Write a Professional Email - Proofread My Paper Instructions to Write a Professional Email Not very far in the past, in the times of pen and paper, sending a composed message over the world was a long and costly procedure. These days, we should simply take out a brisk email, click the â€Å"send† fasten and salute ourselves on an occupation very much done. In any case, do we underestimate this wonder of current innovation for conceded? The simplicity of sending an email makes it simple to not place a lot of thought into its arrangement, which can prompt your message being misconstrued. In an expert setting, this just isn’t sufficient. Thusly, to ensure you can convey plainly by means of email, take a stab at following these convenient tips. 1.â â â â The Subject Line The title of your email ought to be explicit enough for the beneficiary to recognize what your message is about. For instance, if you’re sending a CV, you could make the title â€Å"[Your name] CV.† Likewise, if you’re writing to pose an inquiry, you could utilize the inquiry as the headline. By correlation, simply composing â€Å"IMPORTANT!!! If you don't mind READ NOW!!!† isn’t exceptionally supportive. 2.â â â â Salutation In a proper email, the greeting will generally be: â€Å"Dear [name of recipient].† Unless you realize the beneficiary well, you ought to either utilize their complete name or their favored title (e.g., Mr., Mrs., Miss, Ms., and so forth.). In the event that you don’t know the recipient’s name or sexual orientation, utilize their activity title (e.g., â€Å"Dear Recruiter,†) or â€Å"Dear Sir/Madam.† 3.â â â â The Main Body of Your Email The fundamental content of your email ought to be clear, succinct and well mannered: In the initial lines, recognize yourself and your purpose behind messaging. You may likewise need to offer a merriment to lead on to your primary message (e.g., â€Å"I discovered your article extremely supportive and might want to ask†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Keep things brief by restricting your email to a couple of noteworthy focuses. In the event that you attempt to pack a lot into a solitary message, the beneficiary is bound to neglect something. Consider how your email will be perused, including how it will be comprehended and its tone. Saying â€Å"please† and â€Å"thank you† can help. In formal messages, maintain a strategic distance from slang, web truncations (e.g., LOL, IMHO, and so forth.) and emoticon. 4.â â â â Sign Off and Signature The fitting close down will rely upon how comfortable you are with the beneficiary. On the off chance that it’s a conventional email, similar to an introductory letter, something like â€Å"Yours sincerely† or â€Å"Yours respectfully† should work. On less proper events, â€Å"Kind regards† and â€Å"Best wishes† are adequate other options. Your mark is your name in addition to any extra subtleties you need to incorporate subsequently, for example, your activity title, organization name or a connect to your site. 5.â â â â Proofread It! At last, don’t neglect to edit your message for clearness before sending; in the event that you have to ensure your email is great, connect with the experts!

$250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway

$250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway $250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway $250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway Homework Help Global will be giving 1 lucky winner $250.00 CAD to be used towards their education/textbooks!! HOW TO ENTER OUR SWEEPSTAKES: 1. Follow our Instagram page @homeworkhelpglobal 2. Tag 3 friends in the comments section. 3. Repost this post to your Instagram Story. RULES ELIGIBILITY: Must be 18+. Giveaway only applicable to legal residents in Canada, excluding Quebec (QC). Only ONE entry per account! Please dont enter using multiple accounts. No purchase necessary. Winner will be chosen at random and we will send the $250.00 CAD via PayPal. We will announce the winner via an Instagram post and we will direct message the winner as well, so keep an eye out on your inbox! Giveaway will begin September 9, 2019 @ 12:00 A.M. EST and will close on September 29, 2019 @ 11:59 P.M. EST. No purchase or payment of any kind is necessary to enter or win the giveaway. A purchase will not improve your chances of winning. One (1) winner will be selected by random drawing. Winner will be chosen from all eligible entries received, and the potential winner will be notified on Instagram by October 13, 2019 @ 12:00 A.M. EST. Potential winner will be notified by Instagram Direct Message and will be required to correctly answer an unaided, time-limited, mathematical skill-testing question. Potential winner is responsible for checking her/her post for the comment from @homeworkhelpglobal. Homework Help Global will Follow the potential winner so that potential winner may send a Direct Instagram Message to @homeworkhelpglobal with his/her name and mailing address. The potential winner will be required to respond to the notification within one (1) day or the prize will be forfeited and an alternate winner will be randomly selected from all eligible entries received. Upon consent via Instagram Direct Message, the Winner will be posted on our Instagram account page. Failure to respond to notifications within (1) day or to comply with any other provision of this sweepstake may result in the potential winner being disqualified and an alternate winner selected. If a prize notification or a prize is returned as undeliverable for any reason, the applicable prize will be awarded to an alternate winner. Prizes are not transferable, assignable, or redeemable for cash. All decisions are final. All Federal, provincial and local tax liabilities are the responsibility of the winner. This contest is in no way sponsored by or affiliated with Instagram. $250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway $250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway $250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway Homework Help Global will be giving 1 lucky winner $250.00 CAD to be used towards their education/textbooks!! HOW TO ENTER OUR SWEEPSTAKES: 1. Follow our Instagram page @homeworkhelpglobal 2. Tag 3 friends in the comments section. 3. Repost this post to your Instagram Story. RULES ELIGIBILITY: Must be 18+. Giveaway only applicable to legal residents in Canada, excluding Quebec (QC). Only ONE entry per account! Please dont enter using multiple accounts. No purchase necessary. Winner will be chosen at random and we will send the $250.00 CAD via PayPal. We will announce the winner via an Instagram post and we will direct message the winner as well, so keep an eye out on your inbox! Giveaway will begin September 9, 2019 @ 12:00 A.M. EST and will close on September 29, 2019 @ 11:59 P.M. EST. No purchase or payment of any kind is necessary to enter or win the giveaway. A purchase will not improve your chances of winning. One (1) winner will be selected by random drawing. Winner will be chosen from all eligible entries received, and the potential winner will be notified on Instagram by October 13, 2019 @ 12:00 A.M. EST. Potential winner will be notified by Instagram Direct Message and will be required to correctly answer an unaided, time-limited, mathematical skill-testing question. Potential winner is responsible for checking her/her post for the comment from @homeworkhelpglobal. Homework Help Global will Follow the potential winner so that potential winner may send a Direct Instagram Message to @homeworkhelpglobal with his/her name and mailing address. The potential winner will be required to respond to the notification within one (1) day or the prize will be forfeited and an alternate winner will be randomly selected from all eligible entries received. Upon consent via Instagram Direct Message, the Winner will be posted on our Instagram account page. Failure to respond to notifications within (1) day or to comply with any other provision of this sweepstake may result in the potential winner being disqualified and an alternate winner selected. If a prize notification or a prize is returned as undeliverable for any reason, the applicable prize will be awarded to an alternate winner. Prizes are not transferable, assignable, or redeemable for cash. All decisions are final. All Federal, provincial and local tax liabilities are the responsibility of the winner. This contest is in no way sponsored by or affiliated with Instagram.

The Popular Medieval Romance, Sir Gawain And The Green Knight

The popular medieval romance, â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,† explores many aspects of the Arthurian legend, including chivalry, religion, and courtly love. Although the poem does feature many female characters, one aspect that the Gawain poet does not touch upon is the role and place of women in this feudal society; all of whom live under the objectification of a male driven culture. One might say that the women featured in this romance are focused on more heavily than that of other literature during this time period and that might be true; however, after a closer look the reader can see how it’s the little things that the Gawain poet does or doesn’t do that diminish the importance of the four main female characters in this poem. The first women referenced in the text is Guinevere. She was â€Å"†¦ gloriously framed at her place on the platform, pricelessly curtained by silk to each side, and canopied across with tasteful tapestries†¦ studded with stones and stunning gems†¦ but not one stone outshone the quartz of the queen’s eyes; with hand on heart, no one could argue otherwise† (lines 74-84). After reading this sensual and graceful description, it can be assumed that Guinevere is an incredibly beautiful woman, which places her on a dais while at the same time objectifies her for her beauty. Her involvement in the story revolves around her physical appearance which solidifies the Gawain poet’s intent to show Guinevere as a submissive observer rather than an active member ofShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Sir Gawain And The Green Knight804 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many elements that are used to classify medieval literature. Beside the obvious association to the medieval time period, the writings contain unique aspects that create the iconic medieval tale. Characters within medieval romances are larger-than-life, courageous, and noble. The people of the Middle Ages openly received ea ch of these traits, because of the importance they put on acts of nobility and chivalry. The themes of medieval stories were based on beliefs or ideas, expressed by theRead MoreKing Arthur, Sir Gawain and Superman Essay1160 Words   |  5 Pageshe is correct because that is exactly what King Arthur, Sir Gawain and Superman do. They risk their very own lives and put themselves in front of others with their courageous acts from fighting great green knights to fighting the towns super villain. They do it all just to protect their city. The culture of the Medieval Ages valued with bravery and courtly love which was reflected in the exploits and adventures of King Arthur and Sir Gawain; the modern culture trait of compassion is embodied in theRead MoreSir Gawain and The Green Knight Essay1109 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a very interesting and stimulating narration, filled with mystical creatures and wonderful details, the author known as Gawain-poet did a wonderful job in portraying the characters throughout the story. During the story, The Green Knight challenges King Arthur to a game, which Sir Gawain accepts. Gawain participates in the game by chopping the head off of the green knight, who picks it up and leaves, Gawain is to meet the greenRead MoreCharacteristics Of Medieval Romances2016 Words   |  9 PagesWhen someone thinks of a medieval romance, that person will more than likely think of these common characteristics: knights, quests, a lady, magic, romance, Christianity, and of course King Arthur. There is actually much more to these stories than just â€Å"A knight goes on a quest. He meets a lady. And they all live happily ever after.† A reader needs to know what features to look out for in order to know for sure what kind of story he is reading. A Handbook to Literature by William Harmon and C. HughRead MoreHistorical Analysis Of Of Beowulf s Poem, Beowulf, Sir Gawain, King Arthur And Other Legends918 Words   |  4 Pagesan incredible journey that begins with battles against Anglo-Saxon monsters and takes us on a journey to a time where writers try to tackle modern problems. Along the way we come across characters such as Beowulf, Sir Gawain, King Arthur and other legends who remain a vital part of popular culture. History offers us a variety of heroes and legends that we can read and learn about. The historical poem of Beowulf not only reveals to us the importance cultural values of the warrior society, but alsoRead MoreThe Art of Courtly Love, Consolation of Philosophy, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight1454 Words   |  6 PagesThe Art of Courtly Love, Consolation of Philosophy, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Part 1: Consolation of Philosophy, written by Boethius 1. Boethius was a popular member of the senatorial family. He was a philosopher that agreed with Plato that government should be solely in the hands of wise men. After becoming consul, charges of treason were brought against him. He lived in a time in Roman society when everyone was mainly Christian. He was an Arian Christian and believed that ChristRead MoreRealism And Romance Coexistence By Charlotte Griffiths Essay1935 Words   |  8 Pages Realism and Romance Coexistence Charlotte Griffiths S00902011 Regent’s University London English Literature: Introduction to Medieval and Renaissance Literature ENL401.R_T1 George Yeats 24 October 2016 Get rid of titles for each section to create natural flow in essays Introduction In both literature and art, realism usually expresses a message in a way that depicts situations in a real way while romanticism explains messages by utilizing fiction. RomanticismRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight1591 Words   |  7 Pages  Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a late 14th-century Middle English chivalric romance. It is one of the best known Arthurian stories, and is of a type known as the beheading game. The Green Knight is interpreted by some as a representation of the Green Man of folklore and by others as an allusion to Christ. Written in stanzas of alliterative verse, each of which ends in a rhyming bob and wheel, it draws on Welsh, Irish and English stories, as well as the French chivalric tradition. It is anRead More Chivalry in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Knight’s Tale, and Malory’s Morte2061 Words   |  9 Pages The term â€Å"chivalry† refers to one of the most popular medieval social ideals. Indeed, this term has excited the imagination of poets and readers throughout history, and modern cultures continue to revise the chivalric ideals of past ages. However, pinpointing what the term meant within the medieval period is difficult at best. The source of this difficulty lies within the fact that there was never one consistent definition for chivalry. Indeed, the meaning of the word seems to shift betweenRead MoreSir Gawain and the Green Knight Hunt vs. Temptation: a Comparison816 Words   |  4 PagesSir Gawain and the Green Knight is an Arthurian poem; an enchanting story of chivalry, romance and heroism. With its intricately woven details, parallels and symbols, the reader will often easily overlook these facets in a story of this caliber. Undoubtedly, the author would not have spent time on details that do not add to the meaning of the overall telling of the story. The three hunting scenes in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, and in parallel, the three temptations, monopolize a consid erable

The Constitutionality Of Redressing Historic Injustice Essay

Lauren Pardue GOVT 2306 M2 27 December 2016 Affirmative Action: The Constitutionality of Redressing Historic Injustice One of the most problematic and controversial issues in The United States of America is affirmative action. Affirmative action is a policy of affording minorities certain privileges in order to combat the historical prejudice against them. In an effort to redress the historical injustices faced by African Americans, Hispanics, and other minorities, universities and employers across the nation have taken race into account when admitting students or hiring employees. Abigail Fisher, of Texas, applied for admission into the University of Texas at Austin (UT) and was denied; she sued the public university on the grounds of racial discrimination or reverse racism in the supreme court case Fisher v University of Texas. Abigail Fisher is a white female from Sugarland, Texas. Both her father and her older sister are UT alumni. She was not in the top ten percent of her class, so she was not granted automatic admissions to UT per Texas House Bill 588 (HB 588), which grants automatic admission to public high school students who graduated in the top ten percent of their class. When Texas Senate Bill 175 was passed in 2009, UT could cap the number of students automatically admitted at seventy-five percent of the incoming class (or the top seven percent of high school graduates). Only fifteen percent of the incoming class consists of Texas residents not in the top seven

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Free Essays

Brendan Orner Mr. Whewell AP Literature 3/21/13 Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Theme: Isolation * The speaker appears to be telling this poem as if he is distant or far away from any other person * â€Å"His house is in the village though† (2) * People do not/cannot own woods * The word woods brings up the idea of an untamable wild area * â€Å"He will not see me stopping here† (3) This quote brings up the idea that the speaker is slightly paranoid * Instead of using a word like catch or find, the speaker decides to use the word see, as if someone is looking for him or directly at him right then * This also brings up the idea that the speaker wishes to be left alone * â€Å"The little horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near† (5-6) The speaker is walking along at this point in the poem, when he sees a horse in the middle of nowhere * The horse also has human-like qualities, for it can think and has its own opinions, changing the thought th at the speaker is alone after all * â€Å"The only other sound’s the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. † (11-12) * This is one of those times when a person is an a spot where it is eerily quiet, and yet because of this, they feel like someone is watching them * If someone is watching the speaker, then it furthers the idea that he is not alone * â€Å"And miles to go before I sleep. We will write a custom essay sample on Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening or any similar topic only for you Order Now And miles to go before I sleep. † (15-16) * The repetition of this line emphasizes the thought to the reader that the speaker has a long way to go until he gets ‘home’ * It never clears up the thought of if the speaker is ever truly alone out in the forest though Tone: Solemn and Indirect * â€Å"The only other sound’s the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. † (11-12) This quote is a great example of how solemn the poem truly is * These lines make the speaker seem to be alone, yet to be watched at the same time * It makes the reader feel sympathetic for the speaker since he truly is alone in the woods, and by imagining other people watching him, he is paranoid * When someone is paranoid, most other people view him or her in a condescending way (with a solemn attitude) * The poem’s message of loneliness is also said indirectly * â€Å"And miles to go before I sleep. And miles to go before I sleep. † (15-16) These lines let the reader infe r that the speaker is very far away from home * This home though could be inferred to be the speaker’s sanity or his family, both of which may be lost (or in his family’s case, dead) * â€Å"He will not see me stopping here† (3) * This quote has both an indirect message and a solemn tone * It is telling the reader that the speaker does seem to be alone, yet is being watched or looked for by someone else, and this makes him nervous * The indirect message given here is how the speaker really wants nothing more than to just be alone, without anyone else around to bother him How to cite Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening, Essay examples

Physio-Ex Blood Analysis Computer Simulation Essay Example

Physio-Ex Blood Analysis: Computer Simulation Essay In this lab five blood tests will be performed: hematocrit determination, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hemoglobin determination, blood typing, and total cholesterol determination. A â€Å"hematocrit refers to the percentage of red blood cells (RBC’s) in a sample of whole blood. Since the function of red blood cells is the transport of oxygen to the cells of the body, the higher the hematocrit, the more red blood cells are available to carry oxygen. † In a normal, healthy male the value for males is 47% and in a normal, healthy female it is 42%. A person with a lower than normal hematocrit would indicate they are anemic, and a higher than normal hematocrit would indicate polycythemia. â€Å"Anemia is a condition in which insufficient oxygen is transported to the body’s cells. There are many possible causes for anemia, including inadequare numbers of red blood cells, decreased amount of the oxygen-carrying pigment hemoglobin, and abnormal hemoglobin. Polycythemia refers to a significant increase in red blood cells. Some causes for this increase in red blood cells are tumors in bone marrow, vigorous athletic training, and living in a place that is higher in altitude. To determine a hematocrit value a whole blood sample is put into microcapillary tube and spun in a special microhematocrit centrifuge. By doing this the blood sample will separate the blood cells from the blood plasma and there will be a â€Å"buffy coat† of white blood cells between the layer of blood plasma and red blood cell layer. We will write a custom essay sample on Physio-Ex Blood Analysis: Computer Simulation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Physio-Ex Blood Analysis: Computer Simulation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Physio-Ex Blood Analysis: Computer Simulation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Then the hematocrit value can be determined â€Å"by measuring the height of the layer of red cells in millimeters and dividing that number by the height of the initial column of blood to obtain the percentage of red blood cells. In this experiment there will be six samples from six individuals, a healthy male who lives in Boston, a healthy female who lives in Boston, a healthy male who lives in Denver, a healthy female who lives in Denver, a male with aplastic anemia, and a female with iron-deficiency anemia. What should be seen in these experiments is that they healthy male and female living in Boston should have an average hematocrit value, the healthy male and female living in Denver should have an elevated hematocrit, the male with aplastic anemia will most likely have a very low hematocrit, and the female with iron-deficiency anemia will also have a low hematocrit. â€Å"The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) measures the settling of red blood cells in a vertical, stationary tube of blood during one hour. In a healthy person the red blood cells do not settle or settle very little over an hour, but â€Å"in some disease conditions, increased production of fibrinogen and immunoglobulins cause the red blood cells to clump together, stack up, and form a column†, which is called rouleaux formation. When the cells are grouped like this the red blood cells are heavier and they settle much faster. This test can be used to follow the progression of certain disease conditions like sickle cell anemia and inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. When a condition worsens the ESR will increase and then when it improves the ESR will decrease. Sometimes a female who is menstruating will develop anemia and in turn will have increase in ESR, as well as someone who has iron deficiency anemia. â€Å" The ESR can be used to evaluate a patient with chest pains: the ESR is elevated in established myocardial infarction but normal in angina pectoris. † In this experiment there will be six samples from six individuals, a healthy individual, a menstruating female, a person with sickle cell anemia, a person with iron-deficiency anemia, a person suffering from a myocardial infarction, and a person suffering from angina pectoris. The healthy individual should have very little settling, a menstruating female will probably have an increased ESR, the individuals with sickle cell anemia, iron-deficiency anemia, and the person who is suffering a myocardial infarction, will all probably have an elevated ESR, and the individual suffering from angina pectoris will probably have a decreased ESR. Hemoglobin is a protein that is found in red blood cells, this protein is essential for the transportation of oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the cells in the body. â€Å"Anemia results when insufficient oxygen is carried in the blood. A quantitative hemoglobin determination is useful for determining the classification and possible causes of anemia and gives useful information on some other disease conditions. † Blood in a healthy individual contains approximately 12-18 grams of hemoglobin per 100 milliliters. â€Å"A healthy male has 13. 5 to 18 g/100 ml; a healthy female has 12 to 16 g/100 ml. † In a person with polycythemia, congestive heart failure, or someone living in a high altitude location, will have increased hemoglobin. To figure the hemoglobin content, a sample of blood will be stirred with a wooden stick which will rupture, or lyse, the cells. The intensity of the color of the lysed blood is a result of the amount of hemoglobin present. † To determine the hemoglobin content of a sample, a hemoglobinometer will compare the samples color to standard values. â€Å"The hemoglobinometer transmits green light though the hemolyzed blood sample. The amount of light that passes through the sample is compared to standard color intensities. † For this experiment, five samples will be evaluated, a healthy male, healthy female, a female with iron-deficiency anemia, a male with polycythemia, and a female Olympic athlete. The healthy male and female should have an average hemoglobin value, probably around 12-18 g/100 ml, the female with iron-deficiency will most likely a low hemoglobin value, and the individual with polycythemia and the Olympic athlete will probably have a much higher hemoglobin value. Every person has a blood type and it is important to know a persons blood type before performing a blood transfusion in order to avoid mixing blood that is incompatible. Red blood cells, like all cells in the body, are surrounded by a plasma membrane. â€Å"The plasma membrane contains genetically determined glycoproteins, called antigens, that identify the cells. On red blood cell membranes, these antigens are called agglutinogens. † There are many different antigens that are present on red blood cell membranes, but the ABO and Rh antigens cause the most vigorous and potentially fatal transfusion reactions. â€Å"The ABO blood groups are determined by the presence or absence of two antigens: type A and type B. These antigens are genetically determined so a person has two copies (alleles) of the gene for these proteins. The presence of these antigens is due to a dominate gene, and their absence is due to a recessive gene. The Rh factor is another genetically determined protein that may be present on red blood cell membranes. Antibodies to the Rh factor are not found preformed in the plasma. These antibodies are produced only after exposure to the Rh factor by persons who are Rh negative. † Type A blood will have A antigens on red blood cells and anti-B antibodies present in the plasma. Type B blood will have B antigens on red blood cells and anti-A antibodies present in the plasma. Type AB blood will have A and B antigens on red blood cells and no antibodies present in the plasma. Type O blood will have no antigens on red blood cells and anti-A and anti-B antibodies will be present in the plasma. In order to determine blood type, â€Å"separate drops of a blood sample are mixed with anti-sera containing antibodies to the types A and B antigens and antibodies to the Rh factor. An agglutination reaction (showing clumping) indicated the presence of the agglutination. † This experiment will be testing six different samples of blood and determining the blood types of each sample. â€Å"Cholesterol is a lipid substance that is essential for life. It is an important component of all cell membranes and is the basis for making steroid hormones, vitamin D, and bile salts. † LDL, low density liproprotein, is a type of lipoprotein package that has been identified as a source of damage to the interior of arteries and can contribute to atherosclerosis, which is a buildup of plaque, in these blood vessels. â€Å"Less than 200 milligrams of total cholesterol per deciliter of blood is considered desirable. Between 200 and 239 mg/dl is considered borderline high cholesterol. Over 240 mg/dl is considered high blood cholesterol and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In testing for total blood cholesterol, four samples of blood will be mixed with enzymes that will produce a colored reaction with cholesterol. There is a color tester of standard values that will compare the color intensity of the samples to determine the cholesterol level. The color tester starts from a very light green, which is a low cholesterol level, and starts to get darker as the cholesterol level goes up. We would see a sample with a normal cholesterol level to be on the lighter green side and a sample with a high cholesterol level to be a much darker green.

Writing a Research Paper on Cloud Storage for Education

Writing a Research Paper on Cloud Storage for Education Writing a Research Paper on Cloud Storage for Education For the past several years, cloud computing has been one of the most frequently heard terms. Nowadays we all understand the basic concept of the matter: cloud storage provides the use with an opportunity to avail of secure, safe and almost unlimited means of storing digital material on the web, without the necessity to depend on personal data centers and personal hardware. But how can a cloud computing become a part of an academic research paper? As an option, make sure to base your project on the advantages of the cloud storage for education. Instant Access from Anywhere. Forget all the â€Å"my neighbor’s dog ate my paper† excuses! From now on you can access your photo projects, papers, presentation from your personal mobile device or PC. Go Mobile! It’s time to leave your laptop at home because it’s time for your mobile phone to shine! All you need is your Smartphone to get a quick access to all the data, as well as share your files on the go. Just make certain to pick the device you may need and then – access all photos, files, music and so on via the Cloud. Easy File Share. If you need to instantly share some files with your class mates or professors, make sure to make use of the Cloud. Moreover, the item provides you with an opportunity to edit and send the files back while both drafts will be saved to the shared folder. Stay in Sync. Due to the multi-user sync, you can easily sync the same folder with your classmates locally. Thus, all the adds, changes and edits made to that folder will be updated on every PC automatically. Forget about the emailing back and forth and enjoy the most updated version of every file 24/7! Backup. Do not think about PC crushes, accidently dropped laptops, etc. Having the Cloud there with you will be 100% sure that all data will be automatically backed up. Apart from a bunch of benefits for the college and university students, the Cloud brings a lot of benefits for the teachers as well. Make sure to investigate this side of the matter in your research paper. Avail of the iPad During the Lesson. It’s not a secret that college and university professors use various tablets and gadgets in order to make the lessons more interesting with various videos, presentations and music files. Instant streaming without the wait will help them to easily pull stream videos and presentations. Collaborate in the Classroom. The Cloud provides the teachers with an opportunity to share all files with every student in the group or with the whole class. Thus, students can collaborate together on team papers. Instant Access to the Data. Professors have an instant access to the academic information from their work PC, tablet, which means the whole process of data organization as easy as pie. Use for Personal/Work Use. Cloud gives you a chance to create special folders for both – personal and work use. This makes the organization and distribution of data and documents simpler. If you need a custom written paper from our research paper service just visit our website and fill in the order form!

35 Words Frequently Found in Compounds

35 Words Frequently Found in Compounds 35 Words Frequently Found in Compounds 35 Words Frequently Found in Compounds By Mark Nichol The subject of compounds, permanent or temporary combinations of words temporary in the sense that they are â€Å"invented† for the occasion but are not in common usage is a complicated matter because whether a compound employing a given word is open (with letter spaces between the constituent words), hyphenated, or closed (with no letter spaces) is usually inconsistent. Here’s a guide to the most common compound building blocks and how to treat compounds that use them. 1. Ache: Headache and similar words are always closed compounds. 2. All: Phrasal adjectives like â€Å"all out† are hyphenated before a noun (â€Å"This means all-out war†). In adverbial form, such phrases are open: â€Å"She went all out in an effort to impress him†). 3. Book: Many compounds that include book are closed (handbook); terms not listed in the dictionary should be open. 4. Borne: Some forms are closed (airborne); hyphenate compounds not found in the dictionary. 5. Century: This word is never hyphenated in a noun phrase (â€Å"twenty-first century†), but it is hyphenated to the rest of the phrase when the phrase serves as a phrasal adjective before a noun (â€Å"twenty-first-century mind-set†). 6. Counter: Compound nouns are almost always closed (countersign). 7. Cross: Leave compounds such as â€Å"cross section† open unless they are hyphenated or closed in the dictionary. 8. E: The prefix for electronic should be hyphenated in all uses, as well as lowercase except when the word begins a sentence. (I prefer email, ebook, etc., but this is a minority position popular in high-tech publications but not elsewhere.) 9. Elect: Hyphenate in such usage as â€Å"secretary-elect,† but omit hyphens when the other term is itself an open compound (â€Å"secretary general elect†). 10. Ever: Generally hyphenate before a noun (â€Å"ever-optimistic attitude†), but sometimes closed (evergreen). 11. Ex: Always hyphenate except with an open compound; in that case, use an en dash after ex. If your Web site does not use en dashes, reword to avoid awkward use of hyphens (â€Å"former vice president† rather than â€Å"ex-vice-president†). 12. Extra: Nouns and adjectives (extraterrestrial) are almost always closed, but check the dictionary; exceptions include â€Å"extra-point statistics.† Informal adverbs are open (â€Å"be extra careful†). 13. Foster: Compound nouns are always open (â€Å"foster family†); phrasal adjectives are hyphenated before a noun (â€Å"foster-care specialist†). 14. Free: Hyphenate before and after a noun when free is the second element in a compound (â€Å"scot-free†). 15. Full: Hyphenate before a noun (â€Å"full-time employee†). 16. General: Compounds with general as the second element are always open (â€Å"major general†); the first word, not general, takes the plural form (â€Å"secretaries general†). 17. Grand: Compounds denoting kinship that include this word are always closed (grandchild). Compounds in which grand is an adjective denoting status are always open (â€Å"grand dame,† â€Å"grand marshal†). 18. Great: This word is hyphenated in compounds denoting kinship (â€Å"great-grandchild†). 19. Half: Compound nouns are always open (â€Å"half dozen†). Phrasal adjectives are hyphenated before and after a noun (â€Å"half-eaten†). Check the dictionary for permanent closed compounds (halftime). 20. House: Compounds are open unless closed in the dictionary (â€Å"house cat,† but household). 21. In-law: Compounds with in and law as the second and third elements are always hyphenated; the first word, not law, takes the plural form (sisters-in-law). 22. Like: Hyphenate compounds in which like is the second element before and after a noun unless the compound is closed in the dictionary; hyphenate if the last letter of the preceding word is an l (snail-like) or a y (dormitory-like). 23. Near: Compound nouns are open (â€Å"near miss†); hyphenate adjectives before a noun (â€Å"near-term strategy†). Nearsighted, however, is closed. 24. Odd: Always hyphenate compounds including odd as the second element in the sense of â€Å"approximately† (thirty-odd). 25. Off: Phrasal adjectives are hyphenated before a noun (an â€Å"off-kilter column†); hyphenate adverbs (â€Å"sang off-key†). Hyphenate compounds in which off is the second element (bake-off). Note that style is occasionally inconsistent between on and off antonyms (on-screen, but offscreen). 26. Old: Compound nouns in which old is the last element are always hyphenated (â€Å"my six-year-old†); phrasal adjectives including the word are hyphenated before a noun (â€Å"six-month-old policy†). 27. On: Hyphenate adjectives and adverbs starting with on that are not in the dictionary. (See the note at off about inconsistency.) 28. Over: Compounds including this word, regardless of part of speech, are always closed. 29. Quasi: Hyphenate phrasal adjectives (â€Å"quasi-judicial proceedings†); some scientific terms are closed (quasiparticle). 30. Step: In kinship terms, always closed (stepmother) unless preceding grand or great (step-grandmother). 31. Style: Compound nouns are open (â€Å"art deco style†); hyphenate adjectival and adverbial forms (â€Å"family-style dining†; â€Å"dined family-style†). 32. Under: Compounds including this word, regardless of part of speech, are always closed. 33. Vice: Compound nouns are open (vice president), hyphenated (vice-consul), or closed (viceroy); hyphenate if not in the dictionary. 34. Web: Compound nouns are open (â€Å"web press† â€Å"food web†) or closed (webfoot, spiderweb); check the dictionary. Terms pertaining to the World Wide Web follow the same variations (â€Å"web page,† â€Å"webmaster†). Many publications style website as one word, and The Chicago Manual of Style has conceded this fact, but Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary stands by â€Å"Web site† (which is also my preference). 35. Wide: When wide is the first element in the compound, hyphenate before a noun (â€Å"wide-ranging talents†). When it is the second element, hyphenate the compound if it does not appear not closed in the dictionary; many publications hyphenate such compounds in which the first element ends in y (community-wide). Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! 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Strategy, Analysis, Recommendation and Implementation of the Company Essay

Strategy, Analysis, Recommendation and Implementation of the Company Gap Inc - Essay Example Competitors such as Ambercrombie and Fitch are already moving towards this direction. However, given the Company's expertise, it is not yet late to launch the Banana Republic, Old Navy and Forth and Towne brands; and to capture a substantial share in these potential markets. The last five years have been commendable for GAP Incorporated due to the revived customer interest in its product lines. A lot of innovations were introduced in the previous year which reaped rewards for the Company, which includes the following: 2. Hands-on management of executives, from the centralized procurement of supplies, to ocular visits to the factories; these would ensure that products are manufactured in accordance with the company's penchant for quality, reliability and compliance to set international production standards; 3. The compensation package plus rewards system afforded to deserving executives achieved wonders for the company. In return, extra effort has been rendered, countless hours have been spent so that products could be delivered on time; 4. Massive shop expansion was a very aggressive stance of the company that helped prop-up sales. But some shops are not strategically located, if not poorly thought of, so that upper management decided to close these shops eventually. This hurt the image of Gap Incorporated and also transmitted wrong signals to competitors. Downsizing these shops would have been a better option since these shops are being used also by internet shoppers to pick up orders purchased online. Also, a rewards system for employees was not installed at the company's manufacturing plant. This is necessary in order to boost production and maintain quality standards in the product. Workers are after all the backbone of a company. 5. Increased online purchases really spiced up sales. Recommendation To increase Gap's profitability and create an extended market for its specialty apparel products, the company should expand in other countries. It is important to note that more than half of the world's population is concentrated in Asia which makes countries in this region a large potential market for Gap's various product lines. Furthermore, what is recommended is to adapt the sound and solid strategy employed by Gap Incorporated in the US; but only after some fine tuning stated as follows: 1. All efforts should be geared towards penetrating the Asian market with modifications employed to fit market preferences, i.e. Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam who are fairly conservative people will most probably require simple and conservative clothing as well. The fashion capital of Asia is Hong Kong. Neighboring countries, such as the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Japan, South Korea, to name a few do most of their shopping in this former British Colony. So, what is "in" in Hong Kong, will influence the choice of apparel throughout Asia. 2. Hire topnotch Asian designers to collaborate with Gap Incorporated's designers in the US for the development and introduction of new designs or product lines in these new markets.

How people are managed and how they lead Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

How people are managed and how they lead - Essay Example Four of the eight principles are: Congruence not Incongruence, Descriptive not Evaluative, Problem not Person Oriented and Specific not Global. Explain the meaning of the concepts and using ideas from your own experience give examples of their meaning. 3 3. Read the case study and discuss the issues, in terms of supportive communication which it raises. 4 Portfolio Assignment 2 1. House, R.J. in his ‘Path Goal Theory of Leadership’ and Hersey, P. and Blanchard, K.H. in their ‘Situational Leadership Theory’ offer two contingency models of leadership. Discuss, with reference to these two models of leadership the basis upon how leaders engage with their staff to help them improve their performance and gain commitment. 6 2. Discuss the nature and components of transformational leadership. How does transformational leadership differ from the behavioural models of leadership, such as Tannenbaum, R. and Schmidt’s, ‘Continuum Model’ and Contingen cy models of leadership such as the ‘House’ and ‘Hersey-Blanchard’ models discussed above. 7 Portfolio Assignment 3 1. Analysis of the case study 9 2. Research suggests that adults do not follow a well developed set of principles when they make decisions. Discuss how leaders might reflect on  the appropriateness of a decision  in terms of ethical considerations. Give examples to support your answer. 10 Portfolio Assignment 4 1. Resistance to organisational change, particularly when the change is ‘soft’ in nature, can stem from the individual or from the organisation. Discuss the nature of, and explore the reasons why, change is often resisted. 12 2. From a management perspective how can this resistance be overcome? 13 References 14 Bibliography 17 Portfolio Assignment 1 Whetten and Cameron (2011, p261) citing Bowman (1964) write that, â€Å"Surveys have consistently shown that the ability to effectively communicate face to face is the char acteristic judged by managers to be the most critical in determining promotability†. 1. One way to improve communication is through ‘Supportive Communication†. Discuss what Whetten and Cameron mean when they define this concept of communication. Why do they consider it so important? The term ‘supportive communication’ as used in the book of Whetten and Cameron aims to highlight two characteristics of communication: the potentials of communication to help towards the achievement of the goal set and the freedom provided to both parties in order to state their views (Whetten and Cameron 2011). Supportive communication is a mode of communication that can be quite important in certain organizational events, such as interviews (Whetten and Cameron 2011). Indeed, an interview between a candidate and the employer would have more chances to lead to the development of a successful cooperation if both parties were allowed to show their concerns and their percepti ons in regard to the issues discussed during the interview (Whetten and Cameron 2011). In other words, for Whetten and Cameron supportive communication can be used for enhancing cooperation and trust in the workplace. No other mode of communication, apart from supportive communication, offers to both parties the chance to feel equal, a condition that can be quite crucial in certain cases; for example, using supportive communication an interviewer can identify the actual willingness of the interviewee to work as a member of a group (Whetten and Came

Large Scale Milk Power Production

Large Scale Milk Power Production Introduction Milk powder production is a very simple process. But now it become on a large scale. It involves the gentle removal of water at the lowest possible cost under hard health conditions. But while this process we want to retain all the desirable natural properties of the milk such as color, flavor, solubility, nutritional value. There are two types of milk. Whole milk (full cream)- typically about 87% water Skim milk-about 91% water During milk powder production, this water is removed by boiling the milk under reduced pressure and low temperature. This special process is known as evaporation. The result is concentrated milk. Then it sprayed in a fine mist into hot air to remove further moisture and then give a powder. Approximately 13 kg of whole milk powder (WMP) or 9 kg of skim milk powder (SMP) can be made from 100 L of whole milk. Demand Demand of powdered milk is being increased according to the rate of the population growth of Sri Lanka. The calculated requirement of milk powder in 2015 is 91156730.43kg, shown in table 1. Table 1 – Estimated Requirement of milk powder 2010-2015 Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Population (million) 20.653 20.869 20.328 20.483 20.646 20.812 Recommended Dietary Allowance (ml/.person/day) 100 100 100 100 100 100 Requirement of Milk (million liters) 753.834 761.719 741.972 747.630 753.611 759.639 Requirement of Milk Powder (million kg) 90.460 91.406 89.037 89.716 90.433 91.157 World Bank. Population. Retrieved from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL World Bank. Population growth (annual %). Retrieved from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW Ministry of Livestock and Rural Community Department. (2010). Diary Development Project. Retrieved from http://www.livestock.gov.lk/site/images/stories/dairy_deve.project_rev_150_last.pdf Supply Total supply of milk powder is fulfilled by local productions and imports. As local production of milk powder in the first half of 2014 has increased 65% than 2013, the amount of imported milk powder decreases 10% to 32,500 metric tons in the first half of 2014. Central Bank of Sri Lanka. (2013). Annual Report. (ISBN 978-955-575-288-6). Retrieved from http://www.cbsl.gov.lk/ Figure 1 – Production and Imports of milk powder 1998-2010 Agriculture and Environmental Statistics Division. Milk Production. Retrieved from http://www.statistics.gov.lk/agriculture/Livestock/MilkProduction.html Total supply of milk powder can be calculated by using milk powder consumption and population. Local production of milk powder is estimated by using annual imports and total production. Estimated total production of milk powder will be increased by about 1.8% to 86.97 million kilograms by the 2015. Imports were reduced due to investigation of DCD and melamine in imported milk powder from New Zealand and duty taxes. Local productions are being improving about 65% during 2013 and 2014 and estimated local production of 2015 is 25.22 million kilograms, shown in table 2. Table 2 – Estimated Milk Production 2013-2015 Year Unit 2013 2014 2015 Milk Powder Consumption average month per person 341.36g 344.77g 348.22g Total Production Million.kg 83.91 85.42 86.97 Imports Million.kg 71.5 65 61.75 Local Production Million.kg 12.41 20.42 25.22 Department of Census and Statistics. (2012/13). Household Income and Expenditure Survey. (ISBN978-955-577-856-5). Retrieved from www.statistics.gov.lk Figure 2 – Forecasting of Production and Imports of milk powder 2015 Forecast About 91.16 million kilograms of milk powder will be required to satisfy the demand of 2015, but 86.97 million kilograms of milk powder will be supplied by present industries and imports. The estimated gap of 4.19 million kilograms of milk powder should be produced by Sri Lankan fresh milk supply. Figure 3 Annual Milk Production Agriculture and Environmental Statistics Division. Milk Production. Retrieved from http://www.statistics.gov.lk/agriculture/Livestock/MilkProduction.html Estimated fresh milk production of year 2015 will be 309.28 million litres, shown in figure 3. If all fresh milk converted into milk powder, 37.11 million kilograms of milk powder will be produced. Table 3 – Estimated Production of Milk Powder from Sri Lankan Milk Supply 2015 Estimated Demand 91.16 million kg Estimated Imports 61.75 million kg Required Local Production 29.41 million kg Estimated Fresh Milk Production 309.28 mllion l Feasible Milk Powder Production 37.11 million kg The fresh milk supply of Sri Lanka is well enough for fulfil required local milk powder production of 29.75 million kilograms of 2015. Therefore milk powder production is a feasible industry for Sri Lanka. PROCESS There are five main unit operations. Separation Preheating Evaporation Spray Drying Packaging and Storage SEPARATION This is the first step of milk powder production. Milk powder manufacturing is starts with taking the raw milk to dairy factory. Then pasteurize them. There is a machine called centrifugal cream separator. It use to separate raw milk into skim milk and whole milk. When whole milk powder is to be manufactured, a portion of this whole milk powder is added back to the skim milk. The reason is to produce milk with standardized fat content. Typically milk powder should have 26-30% of fat content. Surplus cream is used to make butter. PREHEATING The next step in the milk powder process is preheating. In this process standardized milk is heated to temperatures between 75 C and 120 C. this temperature is held for a specified time from few seconds to several minutes. Like 72C foe 15s. Preheating causes: controlled denaturation of the whey proteins in the milk It destroys bacteria, inactivates enzymes Generates natural antioxidants Imparts heat stability. The exact heating/holding conditions depends on the type of product and its intended end-use. High preheats in whole milk powder are associated with improved keeping quality. But it reduce solubility. Three types of Preheating: Indirect (via heat exchangers) These indirect heaters are generally used waste heat from other parts of the process as an energy saving measure. Direct (via steam injection or infusion into the product) Mixture of the two. EVAPORATION In this step the preheated milk is concentrated in stages. After evaporation we can produce: 9% of skim milk 13% of whole milk This is achieved by boiling the milk under a vacuum. The temperature is below 72C in a falling film on the inside of vertical tubes. And water is removed as vapour. This vapour, which may be thermally or mechanically compressed, is next used to heat the milk which in the next effect of the evaporator. It may be operated at a lower pressure and temperature than the preceding effect. Modern plants may have more effects for maximum energy efficiency. More than 85% of the water in the milk is removed in the evaporator. Evaporators are extremely noisy. Reason is the large quantity of water vapour travelling at very high speeds inside its tubes. SPRAY DRYING Spray drying is the step of atomizing the milk concentrate from the evaporator next into fine droplets. This is done inside a large chamber. There is a flow of hot air in the chamber. The temperature of this air is up to 200C. This flow of air is holed by using either a spinning disk atomizer or a series of high pressure nozzles. The milk droplets are cooled by evaporation. And they never reach the temperature of the air. And these milk droplets never reach the temperature of air. The concentrate may be heated prior to atomization to reduce its viscosity and to increase the energy available for drying. Much of the remaining water is evaporated in the drying chamber. It leave fine powder of around 6% moisture content with a mean particle size ( PACKAGING AND STORAGE Milk powders are immensely more stable than fresh milk. But milk powder is protection from moisture, oxygen, light and heat. It is needed in order to maintain their quality and shelf life. Milk powders quickly take up moisture from air and leading to a rapid loss of quality and caking or lumping. The fat in whole milk powder can react with oxygen in the air to give a off flavor. It happens at especially high storage temperatures. (>30C) Milk powder is packed into either plastic bags or bulk bins. Whole milk powders are often packed under nitrogen gas to protect the product from oxidation and also maintain their flavor and extend their keeping quality. The packaging is chosen to provide a barrier to moisture is air, oxygen and light. Bags also consist of several layers to provide strength and the necessary barrier properties. c HEALTH AND SAFETY Physical hazards Biological hazards Chemical hazards Exposure to heat, cold, and radiation Noise and Vibrations PHYSICAL HAZARDS Physical hazards include exposure to same-level fall hazards due to slippery conditions, the use of machines and tools, and collisions with internal transport equipment (e.g. forklift trucks and containers). How do falls happen? Statistics show that the majority (66%) of falls happen on the same level resulting from slips and trips. The remaining 34% are falls from a height. Slips Slips happen where there is too little friction or traction between the footwear and the walking surface. Common causes of slips are: wet or oily surfaces occasional spills weather hazards loose, unanchored rugs or mats flooring or other walking surfaces that do not have same degree of traction in all areas Trips Trips happen when foot collides (strikes, hits) an object causing you to lose the balance and, eventually fall. Common causes of tripping are: obstructed view poor lighting clutter in your way wrinkled carpeting uncovered cables bottom drawers not being closed uneven (steps, thresholds) walking surfaces In addition to above mentioned reasons collision with transportation vehicles when lifting the packages into the truck also contribute to physical hazards to people working in the processing factory. BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS Exposure to biological and microbiological agents may be associated with inhalation and ingestion of dust and aerosols, particularly in milk powder operations. Dust from the ingredients used in dairy processing and high levels of humidity may cause skin irritation or other allergic reactions. The elaboration of above stated point is that in diary processing plants due to the presence of microbiological agents involved in the milk products can cause infections to employees working there. It can also be seen there that emissions of dust particles from the burning of aerosols used for obtaining energy can also cause respiratory diseases Inhaling of particulates from the milk powder production can also cause respiratory diseases in employees. The present study provides new evidence that workers exposed to milk powder by inhalation are at an increased risk of nasal symptoms, wheezing and breathlessness, and exhibit reduced Spiro metric lung function, even at relatively low air concentrations of milk dust. CHEMICAL HAZARDS Exposure to chemicals (including gases and vapors) typically involves chemical-handling activities related to cleaning operations and disinfection of process areas, in addition to the maintenance of heating (thermal oils). In milk processing factories certain chemicals are used for sanitizing, detergents for cleaning of storage tanks as well as emission of certain gases (CO2, CO, NOX, SO2) in the process of combustion can cause smog which in turn is carcinogenic. As well as emission of CFC’s and NH3 into the air as a result of leakage and stripping of chilling machines when out of use. EXPOSURE TO HEAT, RADIATION AND COLD In the production of milk powder employees are frequently exposed to heat due to heating up of machines and near the evaporation unit. Cold can be experienced by employees in the cooling room for the storage of the milk. In the pasteurization process small amount of gamma rays are used which is dangerous to employees since frequent radiation for small time frequently can also be dangerous as being exposed for a long time. REFERENCES Imported and Manufactured Food Program Inspection Manual – Canadian food inspection agency Manual for safety by Canadian centre for Occupational health and safety Respiratory effects of occupational exposures in a milk powder factory by Sripaiboonkij P, Phanprasit W, Jaakkola MS from the records of US National Library of Medicine. Articles from FAO Corporate Document Repository.

Culture and Love Essay

The concept of love is perhaps of the widely defined and yet loosely given that concrete meaning. This is due to the fact that there are many ways that people define what love is in as much as there are many ways that people can show love. One of the strongest influences on love is culture. The way we show love can depend on our culture so that how we reciprocate love is also dictated by culture. Indeed, love and culture has defined meaning to each other and have, in many ways certain connectivity that adds meaning to each other. This is the reason why, the culture of love in many countries differ from each other. There would always be distinct features of love and of culture that define love in these countries. For example, in an article by Nevitt entitled, â€Å"Art and Culture of Love in Seventeenth-Century Holland†, he defined how the culture of love was during the seventeenth century in Holland by examining texts and artworks that described how love was manifested during that time, including courtship and how love is manifested. The concept of courtship is perhaps one that differs from one culture to the other. This is true because as one culture believes in the concept and importance of courtship, others simply do not. Nevitt interpreted these works which according to him show â€Å"how they both reflect and shaped the experience of love†. The thing portrayed in the paintings for example, is taken in the â€Å"context of the contemporary culture of love which manifested itself in the social practices of courtship and in a variety of amatory texts† (Nevitt). These paintings are very significant as it would have no inspiration for its contents if there would be no true meaning to it as shown and seen in the community that shower each other with love. Work Cited Nevitt, Rodney. â€Å"Art and the Culture of Love in Seventeenth-Century Holland. † 24 June 2009 .

The Sources And Outcomes Of The Gift Of Life Essay

The Sources and Outcomes of the Gift of Life. Organ donations stimulate positivity for the terminally ill despite all the challenges that derive prior. It can persevere the gift of life or duration period of time. The transplantation industry process may have a divine outcome before it withstands various undergoes. Organ donation sources may not be measured according to the demand or advantages, the transplantation organ shortage obstacles, independent characteristics or incentives, or social cost that may occur. Transplant industry organ shortages are one of the causes that donation centers recognize. The need for education in the minority communities for the awareness of organ donations are another cause of misconception and the significance of saving lives. Although, minority donors inclined over the last twenty years, the supply still has a deficit in donors. The transplantation industry continues to educate the minority population hoping it will be beneficial through various informative methodologies for the program to be a success in the communities. Therefore, the cause of the reluctance is the biased and premature deaths will not be the manifest from various misconceptions, medical mistrust, unawareness, and religious myths. In addition, if the transplantation industry petitioners effectively utilize the resources, whether it’s through technology, communication, pamphlets, or the outreach programs known as the National MOTTEP (Callender, Miles, 2001), theShow MoreRelatedAnalys is Of Anglo-Saxon Culture In Beowulf1146 Words   |  5 Pagespeople of the Anglo-Saxon culture lived life by these ideals which created a great thirst for fame in being the best version of themselves. 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A ship owner was about to set sail his old ship out to sea full of people. The ship owner believed in his mind that the ship will survive through rough seas in routeRead MoreElection Campaign Essay728 Words   |  3 PagesSharifian Govt 2306, 28th October 2017 The campaign: SLO #2 To run for the office the Texas candidates has their own limits and the expenses they cover throughout the campaigns. The outcome of the campaign is unsure how much amount of money was spent per votes. Not every time the campaign spending more amount of money has an outcome victory. According to the analysis of 2016 general elections, some spend 61.52$ per vote while some spend around 0.12$ per vote. In Texas race last year too, there were not muchRead MoreAn Understanding Of The Community Nursing Interventions Will Not Be Successful Nor Sustainable Essay1311 Words   |  6 Pagesencouraging participation and building capacity of the Aboriginal mothers and their communities is a priority. 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Comparison of the Male Leads in Shakespeares Romeo and...

Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare tells the well known story of love, family feuds, and romantic death. Much Ado About Nothing, a play also by Shakespeare, deals with love and fighting off love. Shakespeare utilizes Romeo, the romantic lead in Romeo and Juliet, and Benedick, the witty, lovesick lead in Much Ado About Nothing, to express the ideal male in a relationship. According to the views of the author, the perfect male soulmate possesses a loving heart ,and a weird attitude toward their beloved. However, wisdom does not matter in the relationship between Romeo and Juliet, but it does in the relationship between Benedick and Beatrice. Both Romeo and Benedick love their partners more than anything. In Romeo and Juliet, Romeo sacrifices his life to be with Juliet. After Juliet takes the potion to sleep in order to appear dead, Romeo drinks poison and says, â€Å"Thus with a kiss I die† (Shakespeare V. iii. 130). â€Å"Kiss† has a positive diction. It denotes â⠂¬Å"a touch of the lips to express desire†, and connotes a physical expression of love. This means Romeo loved Juliet. â€Å"Die† has a negative diction. To die means â€Å"to stop living†, and connotes the dreadful leaving of the soul. This means Romeo agreed to commit a dreadful act for love. If one is willing to give their lives to be with the one they love, then they love that person more than anything. In Much Ado About Nothing, Benedick agrees to do anything for Beatrice when saying, â€Å"Come, bid me do anything for thee† (IV. i.Show MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth 3191 Words   |  13 Pageswriting abilities and advanced storytelling. Shakespeare was known to be born on April 23rd 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon in the United Kingdom. Shakespeare was a member of Lord Chamberlain’s men and over the course of approximately 20 years, wrote about 37 plays. During the early stages of William’s life, there are almost no records of his education and family life. We do know that by 1592, Shakespeare began his life in the theatre as an actor and playwright. As time progressed, his plays became

The Effects Of Cumulative Cultural Evolution On The Learning

Effects of Cumulative Cultural Evolution in Emulation Learning In the context of evolution, culture is â€Å"a shared system of socially transmitted behaviour that describes, defines, and guides people’s ways of life, communicated from one generation† (Matsumoto, 2006, p. 220). Evolution has seen humans attaining unique behavioural adaptations, that one cannot acquire in a single lifetime, cumulate over generations (Henrich McElreath, 2003) and the accumulation of these successive cultural adaptations across generations is cumulative cultural evolution (Boyd Richerdson, 1996). Laboratory studies on cultural evolution have used ‘microsocieties’ to simulate different generations in a population. In such studies, participants are replaced with a naà ¯ve participant within their groups to symbolize the end of a generation and this continues for a few generations (Baum, Richerson, Efferson, Paciotti, 2004). 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Bag of Bones CHAPTER FOUR Free Essays

string(95) " I regained complete consciousness \(if there is such a state\), I was curled up on the floor\." The phone was ringing when I walked in my front door. It was Frank asking me if I’d like to join him for Christmas. Join them, as matter of fact; all of his brothers and their families were coming. We will write a custom essay sample on Bag of Bones CHAPTER FOUR or any similar topic only for you Order Now I opened my mouth to say no the last thing on earth I needed was a Irish Christmas with everybody drinking whiskey and waxing sentimental about Jo while perhaps two dozen snotcaked rugrats crawled around the floor and heard myself saying I’d come. Frank sounded as surprised as I felt, but honestly delighted. ‘Fantastic!’ He cried. ‘When can you get here?’ I was in the hall, my galoshes dripping on the tile, and from where I standing I could look through the arch and into the living room. There was no Christmas tree; I hadn’t bothered with one since Jo died. The room looked both ghastly and much too big to me . . . a roller rink furnished in Early American. ‘I’ve been out running errands,’ I said. ‘How about I throw some in a bag, get back into the car, and come south while the still blowing warm air?’ ‘Tremendous,’ Frank said without a moment’s hesitation. ‘We can have us a sane bachelor evening before the Sons and Daughters of East Malden start arriving. I’m pouring you a drink as soon as I get off the telephone.’ ‘Then I guess I better get rolling,’ I said. That was hands down the best holiday since Johanna died. The only good holiday, I guess. For four days I was an honorary Arlen. I drank too much, toasted Johanna’s memory too many times . . . and knew, somehow, that she’d be pleased to know I was doing it. Two babies spit up on me, one dog got into bed with me in the middle of the night, and Nicky Arlen’s sister-in-law made a bleary pass at me on the night after Christmas, when she caught me alone in the kitchen making a turkey sandwich. I kissed her because she clearly wanted to be kissed, and an adventurous (or perhaps ‘mischievous’ is the word I want) hand groped me for a moment in a place where no one other than myself had groped in almost three and a half years. It was a shock, but not an entirely unpleasant one. It went no further in a houseful of Arlens and with Susy Donahue not quite officially divorced yet (like me, she was an honorary Arlen that Christmas), it hardly could have done but I decided it was time to leave . . . unless, that was, I wanted to go driving at high speed down a narrow street that most likely ended in a brick wall. I left on the twenty-seventh, very glad that I had come, and I gave Frank a fierce goodbye hug as we stood by my car. For four days I hadn’t thought at all about how there was now only dust in my safe-deposit box at Fidelity Union, and for four nights I had slept straight through until eight in the morning, sometimes waking up with a sour stomach and a hangover headache, but never once in the middle of the night with the thought Manderley, I have dreamt again of Manderley going through my mind. I got back to Derry feeling refreshed and renewed. The first day of 1998 dawned clear and cold and still and beautiful. I got up, showered, then stood at the bedroom window, drinking coffee. It suddenly occurred to me with all the simple, powerful reality of ideas like up is over your head and down is under your feet that I could write now. It was a new year, something had changed, and I could write now if I wanted to. The rock had rolled away. I went into the study, sat down at the computer, and turned it on. My heart was beating normally, there was no sweat on my forehead or the back of my neck, and my hands were warm. I pulled down the main menu, the one you get when you click on the apple, and there was my Word Six. I clicked on it. The pen-and-parchment logo came up, and when it did I suddenly couldn’t breathe. It was as if iron bands had clamped around my chest. I pushed back from the desk, gagging and clawing at the round neck of the sweatshirt I was wearing. The wheels of my office chair caught on little throw rug one of Jo’s finds in the last year of her life and I tipped right over backward. My head banged the floor and I saw a fountain of bright sparks go whizzing across my field of vision. I suppose I was lucky to black out, but I think my real luck on New Year’s Morning of 1998 was that I tipped over the way I did. If I’d only pushed back from the desk so that I was still looking a t the logo and at the hideous blank screen followed it I think I might have choked to death. ‘When I staggered to my feet, I was at least able to breathe. My throat the size of a straw, and each inhale made a weird screaming sound, but I was breathing. I lurched into the bathroom and threw up in the basin with such force that vomit splashed the mirror. I grayed out and my knees buckled. This time it was my brow I struck, thunking it against the lip of the basin, and although the back of my head didn’t bleed there was a very respectable lump there by noon, though), my forehead did, a little. This latter bump also left a purple mark, which I of course lied about, telling folks who asked that I’d run into the bathroom door in the middle of the night, silly me, that’ll teach a fella to get up at two A.M. without turning on a lamp. ,’When I regained complete consciousness (if there is such a state), I was curled up on the floor. You read "Bag of Bones CHAPTER FOUR" in category "Essay examples" I got up, disinfected the cut on my forehead, and sat on the lip of the tub with my head lowered to my knees until I felt confident enough to stand up. I sat there for fifteen minutes, I guess, and in that space of time I decided that barring some miracle, my career was over. Harold would scream in pain and Debra would moan in disbelief, but what could they do? Send out the Publication Police? me with the Book-of-the-Month-Club Gestapo? Even if they could, what difference would it make? You couldn’t get sap out of a brick or blood out of a stone. Barring some miraculous recovery, my life as a writer was over. And if it is? I asked myself. What’s on for the back forty, Mike? You can play a lot of Scrabble in forty years, go on a lot of Crossword Cruises, drink a lot of whiskey. But is that enough? What else are you going to put on your back forty? I didn’t want to think about that, not then. The next forty years could take care of themselves; I would be happy just to get through New Year’s Day of 1998. When I felt I had myself under control, I went back into my study, shuffled to the computer with my eyes resolutely on my feet, felt around for the right button, and turned off the machine. You can damage the program shutting down like that without putting it away, but under the circumstances, I hardly thought it mattered. That night I once again dreamed I was walking at twilight on Lane Forty-two, which leads to Sara Laughs; once more I wished on the evening star as the loons cried on the lake, and once more I sensed something in the woods behind me, edging ever closer. It seemed my Christmas holiday was over. That was a hard, cold winter, lots of snow and in February a flu epidemic that did for an awful lot of Derry’s old folks. It took them the way a hard wind will take old trees after an ice storm. It missed me completely. I hadn’t so much as a case of the sniffles that winter. In March, I flew to Providence and took part in Will Weng’s New England Crossword Challenge. I placed fourth and won fifty bucks. I framed the uncashed check and hung it in the living room. Once upon a time, most of my framed Certificates of Triumph (Jo’s phrase; all the good phrases are Jo’s phrases, it seems to me) went up on my office walls, but by March of 1998, I wasn’t going in there very much. When I wanted to play Scrabble against the computer or do a tourney-level crossword puzzle, I used the Powerbook and sat at the kitchen table. I remember sitting there one day, opening the Powerbook’s main menu, going down to the crossword puzzles, then dropping the cursor two or three items further, until it had highlighted my old pal, Word Six. What swept over me then wasn’t frustration or impotent, balked fury (I’d experienced a lot of both since finishing All the Way from the Top), but sadness and simple longing. Looking at the Word Six icon was suddenly like looking at the pictures of Jo I kept in my wallet. Studying those, I’d sometimes think that I would sell my immortal soul in order have her back again . . . and on that day in March, I thought I would sell my soul to be able to write a story again. Go on and try it, then, a voice whispered. Maybe things have changed. Except that nothing had changed, and I knew it. So instead of opening Word Six, I moved it across to the trash barrel in the lower righthand corner of the screen, and dropped it in. Goodbye, old pal. Weinstock called a lot that winter, mostly with good news. Early in March she reported that Helen’s Promise had been picked as one half of the Literary Guild’s main selection for August, the other half a legal thriller by Steve Martini, another veteran of the eight-to-fifteen segment of the Times bestseller list. And my British publisher, Debra, loved Helen, was sure it would be my ‘breakthrough book.’ (My British sales had always lagged.) ‘Promise is sort of a new direction for you,’ Debra said. ‘Wouldn’t you say?’ ‘I kind of thought it was,’ I confessed, and wondered how Debbie respond if I told her my new-direction book had been written a dozen years ago. ‘It’s got . . . I don’t know . . . a kind of maturity.’ ‘Thanks.’ ‘Mike? I think the connection’s going. You sound muffled.’ Sure I did. I was biting down on the side of my hand to keep from howling with laughter. Now, cautiously, I took it out of my mouth and examined the bite-marks. ‘Better?’ ‘Yes, lots. So what’s the new one about? Give me a hint.’ ‘You know the answer to that one, kiddo.’ Debra laughed. †You’ll have to read the book to find out, Josephine,† she said. ‘Right?’ ‘Yessum.’ ‘Well, keep it coming. Your pals at Putnam are crazy about the way you’re taking it to the next level.’ I said goodbye, I hung up the telephone, and then I laughed wildly for about ten minutes. Laughed until I was crying. That’s me, though. Always taking it to the next level. During this period I also agreed to do a phone interview with a Newsweek writer who was putting together a piece on The New American Gothic (whatever that was, other than a phrase which might sell a few magazines), and to sit for a Publishers Weekly interview which would appear just before publication of Helen’s Promise. I agreed to these because they both sounded softball, the sort of interviews you could do over the phone while you read your mail. And Debra was delighted because I ordinarily say no to all the publicity. I hate that part of the job and always have, especially the hell of the live TV chat-show, where nobody’s ever read your goddam book and the first question is always ‘Where in the world do you get those wacky ideas?’ The publicity process is like going to a sushi bar where you’re the sushi, and it was great to get past it this time with the feeling that I’d been able to give Debra some good news she could take to her bosses. ‘Yes,’ she could say, ‘he’s still being a booger about publicity, but I got him to do a couple of things.’ All through this my dreams of Sara Laughs were going on not every night but every second or third night, with me never thinking of them in the daytime. I did my crosswords, I bought myself an acoustic steel guitar and started learning how to play it (I was never going to be invited to tour with Patty Loveless or Alan Jackson, however), I scanned each day’s bloated obituaries in the Derry News for names that I knew. I was pretty much dozing on my feet, in other words. What brought all this to an end was a call from Harold Oblowski not more than three days after Debra’s book-club call. It was storming out-side a vicious snow-changing-over-to-sleet event that proved to be the last and biggest blast of the winter. By mid-evening the power would be off all over Derry, but when Harold called at five P.M., things were just getting cranked up. ‘I just had a very good conversation with your editor,’ Harold said. ‘A very enlightening, very energizing conversation. Just got off the in fact.’ ‘Oh?’ ‘Oh indeed. There’s a feeling at Putnam, Michael, that this latest of yours may have a positive effect on your sales position in the market. It’s very strong.’ ‘Yes,’ I said, ‘I’m taking it to the next level.’ ‘Huh?’ ‘I’m just blabbing, Harold. Go on.’ ‘Well . . . Helen Nearing’s a great lead character, and Skate is your best villain ever.’ I said nothing. ‘Debra raised the possibility of making Helen’s Promise the opener of a three-book contract. A very lucrative three-book contract. All without prompting from me. Three is one more than any publisher has wanted to commit to ’til now. I mentioned nine million dollars, three per book, in other words, expecting her to laugh . . . but an agent has to start somewhere, and I always choose the highest ground I can find. I think I must have Roman military officers somewhere back in my family tree.’ Ethiopian rug-merchants, more like it, I thought, but didn’t say. I felt the way you do when the dentist has gone a little heavy on the Novocain and flooded your lips and tongue as well as your bad tooth and the patch of gum surrounding it. If I tried to talk, I’d probably only flap and spread spit. Harold was almost purring. A three-book contract for the new mature Michael Noonan. Tall tickets, baby. This time I didn’t feel like laughing. This time I felt like screaming. Harold went on, happy and oblivious. Harold didn’t know the bookberry-tree had died. Harold didn’t know the new Mike Noonan had cataclysmic shortness of breath and projectile-vomiting fits every time he tried to write. ‘You want to hear how she came back to me, Michael?’ ‘Lay it on me.’ ‘Well, nine’s obviously high, but it’s as good a place to start as any. We feel this new book is a big step forward for him.’ This is extraordinary. Extraordinary. Now, I haven’t given anything away, wanted to talk to you first, of course, but I think we’re looking at seven-point-five, minimum. In fact ‘ ‘No.’ He paused a moment. Long enough for me to realize I was gripping the phone so hard it hurt my hand. I had to make a conscious effort to relax my grip. ‘Mike, if you’ll just hear me out ‘ ‘I don’t need to hear you out. I don’t want to talk about a new contract.’ ‘Pardon me for disagreeing, but there’ll never be a better time. Think about it, for Christ’s sake. We’re talking top dollar here. If you wait until after Helen’s Promise is published, I can’t guarantee that the same offer ‘ ‘I know you can’t,’ I said. ‘I don’t want guarantees, I don’t want offers, I don’t want to talk contract.’ ‘You don’t need to shout, Mike, I can hear you.’ Had I been shouting? Yes, I suppose I had been. ‘Are you dissatisfied with Putnam’s? I think Debra would be very distressed to hear that. I also think Phyllis Grann would do damned near anything to address any concerns you might have.’ Are you sleeping with Debra, Harold? I thought, and all at once it seemed like the most logical idea in the world that dumpy, fiftyish, balding little Harold Oblowski was making it with my blonde, aristocratic, Smith-educated editor. Are you sleeping with her, do you talk about my future while you’re lying in bed together in a room at the Plaza? Are the pair of you trying to figure how many golden eggs you can get out of this tired old goose before you finally wring its neck and turn it into pat? ¦? Is that what you’re up to? ‘Harold, I can’t talk about this now, and I won’t talk about this now.’ ‘What’s wrong? Why are you so upset? I thought you’d be pleased. Hell, I thought you’d be over the fucking moon.’ ‘There’s nothing wrong. It’s just a bad time for me to talk long-term contract. You’ll have to pardon me, Harold. I have something coming out of the oven.’ ‘Can we at least discuss this next w ‘ ‘No,’ I said, and hung up. I think it was the first time in my adult life I’d hung up on someone who wasn’t a telephone salesman. I had nothing coming out of the oven, of course, and I was too upset to think about putting something in. I went into the living room instead, poured myself a short whiskey, and sat down in front of the TV I sat there for almost four hours, looking at everything and seeing nothing. Outside, the storm continued cranking up. Tomorrow there would be trees down all over Derry and the world would look like an ice sculpture. At quarter past nine the power went out, came back on for thirty seconds or so, then went out and stayed out. I took this as a suggestion to stop thinking about Harold’s useless contract and how Jo would have chortled the idea of nine million dollars. I got up, unplugged the blacked-out TV so it wouldn’t come blaring on at two in the morning (I needn’t have worried; the power was off in Derry for nearly two days), and went upstairs. I dropped my clothes at the foot of the bed, crawled in without even bothering to brush my teeth, and was asleep in less than five minutes. I don’t how long after that it was that the nightmare came. It was the last dream I had in what I now think of as my ‘Manderley series,’ the culminating dream. It was made even worse, I suppose, by unrelievable blackness to which I awoke. It started like the others. I’m walking up the lane, listening to the crickets and the loons, looking mostly at the darkening slot of sky overhead. I reach the driveway, and here something has changed; someone has put a little sticker on the SARA LAUGHS sign. I lean closer and see it’s a radio station sticker. WBLM, it says. 102.9, PORTLAND’S ROCK AND ROLL BLIMP. From the sticker I look back up into the sky, and there is Venus. I wish her as I always do, I wish for Johanna with the dank and vaguely smell of the lake in my nose. Something lumbers in the woods, rattling old leaves and breaking a branch. It sounds big. Better get down there, a voice in my head tells me. Something has taken out a contract on you, Michael. A three-book contract, and that’s the worst kind. I can never move, I can only stand here. I’ve got walker’s block. But that’s just talk. I can walk. This time I can walk. I am delighted. I have had a major breakthrough. In the dream I think This changes everything! This changes everything! Down the driveway I walk, deeper and deeper into the clean but sour smell of pine, stepping over some of the fallen branches, kicking others out of the way. I raise my hand to brush the damp hair off my forehead and see the little scratch running across the back of it. I stop to look at it, curious. No time for that, the dream-voice says. Get down there. You’ve got a book to write. I can’t write, I reply. That part’s over. I’m on the back forty now. No, the voice says. There is something relentless about it that scares me. You had writer’s walk, not writer’s block, and as you can see, it’s gone. Now hurry up and get down there. I’m afraid, I tell the voice. Afraid of what? Well . . . what if Mrs. Danvers is down there? The voice doesn’t answer. It knows I’m not afraid of Rebecca de Winter’s housekeeper, she’s just a character in an old book, nothing but a bag of bones. So I begin walking again. I have no choice, it seems, but at every step my terror increases, and by the time I’m halfway down to the shadowy sprawling bulk of the log house, fear has sunk into my bones like fever. Something is wrong here, something is all twisted up. I’ll run away, I think. I’ll run back the way I came, like the gingerbread man I’ll run, run all the way back to Derry, if that’s what it takes, and I’ll never come here anymore. Except I can hear slobbering breath behind me in the growing gloom, and padding footsteps. The thing in the woods is now the thing in the driveway. It’s right behind me. If I turn around the sight of it will knock the sanity out of my head in a single roundhouse slap. Something with red eyes, something slumped and hungry. The house is my only hope of safety. I walk on. The crowding bushes clutch like hands. In the light of a rising moon (the moon has never risen before in this dream, but I have never stayed in it this long before), the rustling leaves look like sardonic faces. I see winking eyes and smiling mouths. Below me are the black windows of the house and I know that there will be no power when I get inside, the storm has knocked the power out, I will flick the lightswitch up and down, up and down, until something reaches out and takes my wrist and pulls me like a lover deeper into the dark. I am three quarters of the way down the driveway now. I can see the railroad-tie steps leading down to the lake, and I can see the float out there on the water, a black square in a track of moonlight. Bill Dean has put it out. I can also see an oblong something lying at the place where driveway ends at the stoop. There has never been such an object before. What can it be? Another two or three steps, and I know. It’s a coffin, the one Frank Arlen dickered for . . . because, he said, the mortician was trying to stick it to me. It’s Jo’s coffin, and lying on its side with the top partway open, enough for me to see it’s empty. I think I want to scream. I think I mean to turn around and run back up the driveway I will take my chances with the thing behind me. But before I can, the back door of Sara Laughs opens, and a terrible figure darting out into the growing darkness. It is human, this figure, and yet it’s not. It is a crumpled white thing with baggy arms upraised. There is no face where its face should be, and yet it is shrieking in a glottal, loonlike voice. It must be Johanna. She was able to escape her coffin, her winding shroud. She is all tangled up in it. How hideously speedy this creature is! It doesn’t drift as one imagines ghosts drifting, but races across the stoop toward the driveway. It has been waiting down here during all the dreams when I had been frozen, and now that I have finally been able to walk down, it means to have me. I’ll scream when it wraps me in its silk arms, and I will scream when I smell its rotting, bug-raddled flesh and see its dark staring eyes through the fine weave of the cloth. I will scream as the sanity leaves my mind forever. I will scream . . . but there is no one out here to hear me. Only the loons will hear me. I have come again to Manderley, and this time I will never leave. The shrieking white thing reached for me and I woke up on the floor of crying out in a cracked, horrified voice and slamming my head repeatedly against something. How long before I finally realized I was no longer asleep, that I wasn’t at Sara Laughs? How long before I realized that I had fallen out of bed at some point and had crawled across the room in my sleep, that I was on my hands and knees in a corner, butting my head against the place where the walls came together, doing it over and over again like a lunatic in an asylum? I didn’t know, couldn’t with the power out and the bedside clock dead. I know that at first I couldn’t move out of the corner because it felt safer than the wider room would have done, and I know that for a long time the dream’s force held me even after I woke up (mostly, I imagine, because I couldn’t turn on a light and dispel its power). I was afraid that if I crawled out of my corner, the white thing would burst out of my bathroom, shrieking its dead shriek, eager to finish what it had started. I know I was shivering all over, and that I was cold and wet from the waist down, because my bladder had let go. I stayed there in the corner, gasping and wet, staring into the darkness, wondering if you could have a nightmare powerful enough in its imagery to drive you insane. I thought then (and think now) that I almost found out on that night in March. Finally I felt able to leave the corner. Halfway across the floor I pulled off my wet pajama pants, and when I did that, I got disoriented. What followed was a miserable and surreal five minutes in which I crawled aimlessly back and forth in my familiar bedroom, bumping into stuff and moaning each time I hit something with a blind, flailing hand. Each thing I touched at first seemed like that awful white thing. Nothing I touched felt like anything I knew. With the reassuring green numerals of the bedside clock gone and my sense of direction temporarily lost, I could have been crawling around a mosque in Addis Ababa. At last I ran shoulder-first into the bed. I stood up, yanked the pillowcase off the extra pillow, and wiped my groin and upper legs with it. Then I crawled back into bed, pulled the blankets up, and lay there shivering, listening to the steady tick of sleet on the windows. There was no sleep for me the rest of that night, and the dream didn’t fade as dreams usually do upon waking. I lay on my side, the shivers slowly subsiding, thinking of her coffin there in the driveway, thinking that it made a kind of mad sense Jo had loved Sara, and if she were haunt anyplace, it would be there. But why would she want to hurt me? Why would my Jo ever want to hurt me? I could think of no reason. Somehow the time passed, and there came a moment when I realized the air had turned a dark shade of gray; the shapes of the furniture in it like sentinels in fog. That was a little better. That was more it. I would light the kitchen woodstove, I decided, and make strong coffee. Begin the work of getting this behind me. I swung my legs out of bed and raised my hand to brush my sweat-hair off my forehead. I froze with the hand in front of my eyes. I must have scraped it while I was crawling, disoriented, in the dark and to find my way back to bed. There was a shallow, clotted cut across the back, just below the knuckles. How to cite Bag of Bones CHAPTER FOUR, Essay examples