'In your opinion, what are the key corporate governance issues Essay

'As you would like to think, what are the key corporate administration issues introduced for this situation and why' - Essay Example The essential job of corporate administration manages the administration procedure of the partnership just as how the administration relates with a few gatherings that are keen on the activities of the organization, to be specific; investors, representatives, chiefs, clients, leasers and providers. Each association wants to have a decent corporate administration that isn't out to just limit the potential dangers of misrepresentation and disappointment yet additionally to improve the monetary presentation and its venture atmosphere. Such administration relates open reserve funds, speculation, respectability and market certainty making corporate administration a significant consideration so as to accomplish budgetary soundness and financial development for quite a while. The company being referred to is the Royal Dutch/Shell Group which has remained the third biggest creation and oil creation on the planet. The size of the company makes corporate administration a significant factor as it utilizes more than 119, 000 workers in excess of 145 nations (Evans, 2004). For a considerable length of time, Shell/Royal Dutch has been quick to keep up a decent situation among the top most worldwide companies. Its corporate administration has generally been keen on the soundness of the organization comparable to its tasks and name. ... ation Governance Issues The affirmation by Royal Dutch/Shell Group that it was confronting swelled oil holds and that it proposed to minimize around four billion oil and gas saves came about to an excitement among industry investigators just as its financial specialists who came out unequivocally accusing the obscure and complex administration structure that was twin-board for the issues confronting the gathering. Examiners and specialists guaranteed that this kind of structure needed appropriate responsibility just as came about to money related controls (Hanney, 2004). The fundamental organization issue confronting the Royal Dutch/Shell Group is in this way its administration structure that involved a twin board. This structure is accepted to have had a few provisos in its administration hence the few issues related with the gathering. The resulting of the above was a progression of unrest for the gathering. The open declaration of stores decrease guaranteed that the organization w as enamored with accusing human failings through its top officials and not think of pundits on the shortcomings of the structure of Shell (Malin, 2004). The response of the gathering following the mounting pressure from its financial specialists was to establish audits and perceive and valued that it had muddled the association in surprising manners yet at the same time demanded that it is a similar structure that had taken the gathering to the best statures for more than one hundred years in this way is supported by the lawful systems and contrasting expense. The issues confronting Shell are an issue of the gathering as well as an issue confronting the worldwide gas and oil industry. Regal Dutch/Shell Group Governance Structure The fundamental issue confronting the administration of the gathering goes up to a portion of its senior officials who perceive that the company holds were exaggerated. Notwithstanding this acknowledgment,

How to Write a Professional Email - Proofread My Paper

Instructions to Write a Professional Email - Proofread My Paper Instructions to Write a Professional Email Not very far in the past, in the times of pen and paper, sending a composed message over the world was a long and costly procedure. These days, we should simply take out a brisk email, click the â€Å"send† fasten and salute ourselves on an occupation very much done. In any case, do we underestimate this wonder of current innovation for conceded? The simplicity of sending an email makes it simple to not place a lot of thought into its arrangement, which can prompt your message being misconstrued. In an expert setting, this just isn’t sufficient. Thusly, to ensure you can convey plainly by means of email, take a stab at following these convenient tips. 1.â â â â The Subject Line The title of your email ought to be explicit enough for the beneficiary to recognize what your message is about. For instance, if you’re sending a CV, you could make the title â€Å"[Your name] CV.† Likewise, if you’re writing to pose an inquiry, you could utilize the inquiry as the headline. By correlation, simply composing â€Å"IMPORTANT!!! If you don't mind READ NOW!!!† isn’t exceptionally supportive. 2.â â â â Salutation In a proper email, the greeting will generally be: â€Å"Dear [name of recipient].† Unless you realize the beneficiary well, you ought to either utilize their complete name or their favored title (e.g., Mr., Mrs., Miss, Ms., and so forth.). In the event that you don’t know the recipient’s name or sexual orientation, utilize their activity title (e.g., â€Å"Dear Recruiter,†) or â€Å"Dear Sir/Madam.† 3.â â â â The Main Body of Your Email The fundamental content of your email ought to be clear, succinct and well mannered: In the initial lines, recognize yourself and your purpose behind messaging. You may likewise need to offer a merriment to lead on to your primary message (e.g., â€Å"I discovered your article extremely supportive and might want to ask†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Keep things brief by restricting your email to a couple of noteworthy focuses. In the event that you attempt to pack a lot into a solitary message, the beneficiary is bound to neglect something. Consider how your email will be perused, including how it will be comprehended and its tone. Saying â€Å"please† and â€Å"thank you† can help. In formal messages, maintain a strategic distance from slang, web truncations (e.g., LOL, IMHO, and so forth.) and emoticon. 4.â â â â Sign Off and Signature The fitting close down will rely upon how comfortable you are with the beneficiary. On the off chance that it’s a conventional email, similar to an introductory letter, something like â€Å"Yours sincerely† or â€Å"Yours respectfully† should work. On less proper events, â€Å"Kind regards† and â€Å"Best wishes† are adequate other options. Your mark is your name in addition to any extra subtleties you need to incorporate subsequently, for example, your activity title, organization name or a connect to your site. 5.â â â â Proofread It! At last, don’t neglect to edit your message for clearness before sending; in the event that you have to ensure your email is great, connect with the experts!

$250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway

$250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway $250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway $250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway Homework Help Global will be giving 1 lucky winner $250.00 CAD to be used towards their education/textbooks!! HOW TO ENTER OUR SWEEPSTAKES: 1. Follow our Instagram page @homeworkhelpglobal 2. Tag 3 friends in the comments section. 3. Repost this post to your Instagram Story. RULES ELIGIBILITY: Must be 18+. Giveaway only applicable to legal residents in Canada, excluding Quebec (QC). Only ONE entry per account! Please dont enter using multiple accounts. No purchase necessary. Winner will be chosen at random and we will send the $250.00 CAD via PayPal. We will announce the winner via an Instagram post and we will direct message the winner as well, so keep an eye out on your inbox! Giveaway will begin September 9, 2019 @ 12:00 A.M. EST and will close on September 29, 2019 @ 11:59 P.M. EST. No purchase or payment of any kind is necessary to enter or win the giveaway. A purchase will not improve your chances of winning. One (1) winner will be selected by random drawing. Winner will be chosen from all eligible entries received, and the potential winner will be notified on Instagram by October 13, 2019 @ 12:00 A.M. EST. Potential winner will be notified by Instagram Direct Message and will be required to correctly answer an unaided, time-limited, mathematical skill-testing question. Potential winner is responsible for checking her/her post for the comment from @homeworkhelpglobal. Homework Help Global will Follow the potential winner so that potential winner may send a Direct Instagram Message to @homeworkhelpglobal with his/her name and mailing address. The potential winner will be required to respond to the notification within one (1) day or the prize will be forfeited and an alternate winner will be randomly selected from all eligible entries received. Upon consent via Instagram Direct Message, the Winner will be posted on our Instagram account page. Failure to respond to notifications within (1) day or to comply with any other provision of this sweepstake may result in the potential winner being disqualified and an alternate winner selected. If a prize notification or a prize is returned as undeliverable for any reason, the applicable prize will be awarded to an alternate winner. Prizes are not transferable, assignable, or redeemable for cash. All decisions are final. All Federal, provincial and local tax liabilities are the responsibility of the winner. This contest is in no way sponsored by or affiliated with Instagram. $250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway $250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway $250.00 Instagram Textbook Rewards Giveaway Homework Help Global will be giving 1 lucky winner $250.00 CAD to be used towards their education/textbooks!! HOW TO ENTER OUR SWEEPSTAKES: 1. Follow our Instagram page @homeworkhelpglobal 2. Tag 3 friends in the comments section. 3. Repost this post to your Instagram Story. RULES ELIGIBILITY: Must be 18+. Giveaway only applicable to legal residents in Canada, excluding Quebec (QC). Only ONE entry per account! Please dont enter using multiple accounts. No purchase necessary. Winner will be chosen at random and we will send the $250.00 CAD via PayPal. We will announce the winner via an Instagram post and we will direct message the winner as well, so keep an eye out on your inbox! Giveaway will begin September 9, 2019 @ 12:00 A.M. EST and will close on September 29, 2019 @ 11:59 P.M. EST. No purchase or payment of any kind is necessary to enter or win the giveaway. A purchase will not improve your chances of winning. One (1) winner will be selected by random drawing. Winner will be chosen from all eligible entries received, and the potential winner will be notified on Instagram by October 13, 2019 @ 12:00 A.M. EST. Potential winner will be notified by Instagram Direct Message and will be required to correctly answer an unaided, time-limited, mathematical skill-testing question. Potential winner is responsible for checking her/her post for the comment from @homeworkhelpglobal. Homework Help Global will Follow the potential winner so that potential winner may send a Direct Instagram Message to @homeworkhelpglobal with his/her name and mailing address. The potential winner will be required to respond to the notification within one (1) day or the prize will be forfeited and an alternate winner will be randomly selected from all eligible entries received. Upon consent via Instagram Direct Message, the Winner will be posted on our Instagram account page. Failure to respond to notifications within (1) day or to comply with any other provision of this sweepstake may result in the potential winner being disqualified and an alternate winner selected. If a prize notification or a prize is returned as undeliverable for any reason, the applicable prize will be awarded to an alternate winner. Prizes are not transferable, assignable, or redeemable for cash. All decisions are final. All Federal, provincial and local tax liabilities are the responsibility of the winner. This contest is in no way sponsored by or affiliated with Instagram.

The Popular Medieval Romance, Sir Gawain And The Green Knight

The popular medieval romance, â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,† explores many aspects of the Arthurian legend, including chivalry, religion, and courtly love. Although the poem does feature many female characters, one aspect that the Gawain poet does not touch upon is the role and place of women in this feudal society; all of whom live under the objectification of a male driven culture. One might say that the women featured in this romance are focused on more heavily than that of other literature during this time period and that might be true; however, after a closer look the reader can see how it’s the little things that the Gawain poet does or doesn’t do that diminish the importance of the four main female characters in this poem. The first women referenced in the text is Guinevere. She was â€Å"†¦ gloriously framed at her place on the platform, pricelessly curtained by silk to each side, and canopied across with tasteful tapestries†¦ studded with stones and stunning gems†¦ but not one stone outshone the quartz of the queen’s eyes; with hand on heart, no one could argue otherwise† (lines 74-84). After reading this sensual and graceful description, it can be assumed that Guinevere is an incredibly beautiful woman, which places her on a dais while at the same time objectifies her for her beauty. Her involvement in the story revolves around her physical appearance which solidifies the Gawain poet’s intent to show Guinevere as a submissive observer rather than an active member ofShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Sir Gawain And The Green Knight804 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many elements that are used to classify medieval literature. Beside the obvious association to the medieval time period, the writings contain unique aspects that create the iconic medieval tale. Characters within medieval romances are larger-than-life, courageous, and noble. The people of the Middle Ages openly received ea ch of these traits, because of the importance they put on acts of nobility and chivalry. The themes of medieval stories were based on beliefs or ideas, expressed by theRead MoreKing Arthur, Sir Gawain and Superman Essay1160 Words   |  5 Pageshe is correct because that is exactly what King Arthur, Sir Gawain and Superman do. They risk their very own lives and put themselves in front of others with their courageous acts from fighting great green knights to fighting the towns super villain. They do it all just to protect their city. The culture of the Medieval Ages valued with bravery and courtly love which was reflected in the exploits and adventures of King Arthur and Sir Gawain; the modern culture trait of compassion is embodied in theRead MoreSir Gawain and The Green Knight Essay1109 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a very interesting and stimulating narration, filled with mystical creatures and wonderful details, the author known as Gawain-poet did a wonderful job in portraying the characters throughout the story. During the story, The Green Knight challenges King Arthur to a game, which Sir Gawain accepts. Gawain participates in the game by chopping the head off of the green knight, who picks it up and leaves, Gawain is to meet the greenRead MoreCharacteristics Of Medieval Romances2016 Words   |  9 PagesWhen someone thinks of a medieval romance, that person will more than likely think of these common characteristics: knights, quests, a lady, magic, romance, Christianity, and of course King Arthur. There is actually much more to these stories than just â€Å"A knight goes on a quest. He meets a lady. And they all live happily ever after.† A reader needs to know what features to look out for in order to know for sure what kind of story he is reading. A Handbook to Literature by William Harmon and C. HughRead MoreHistorical Analysis Of Of Beowulf s Poem, Beowulf, Sir Gawain, King Arthur And Other Legends918 Words   |  4 Pagesan incredible journey that begins with battles against Anglo-Saxon monsters and takes us on a journey to a time where writers try to tackle modern problems. Along the way we come across characters such as Beowulf, Sir Gawain, King Arthur and other legends who remain a vital part of popular culture. History offers us a variety of heroes and legends that we can read and learn about. The historical poem of Beowulf not only reveals to us the importance cultural values of the warrior society, but alsoRead MoreThe Art of Courtly Love, Consolation of Philosophy, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight1454 Words   |  6 PagesThe Art of Courtly Love, Consolation of Philosophy, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Part 1: Consolation of Philosophy, written by Boethius 1. Boethius was a popular member of the senatorial family. He was a philosopher that agreed with Plato that government should be solely in the hands of wise men. After becoming consul, charges of treason were brought against him. He lived in a time in Roman society when everyone was mainly Christian. He was an Arian Christian and believed that ChristRead MoreRealism And Romance Coexistence By Charlotte Griffiths Essay1935 Words   |  8 Pages Realism and Romance Coexistence Charlotte Griffiths S00902011 Regent’s University London English Literature: Introduction to Medieval and Renaissance Literature ENL401.R_T1 George Yeats 24 October 2016 Get rid of titles for each section to create natural flow in essays Introduction In both literature and art, realism usually expresses a message in a way that depicts situations in a real way while romanticism explains messages by utilizing fiction. RomanticismRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight1591 Words   |  7 Pages  Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a late 14th-century Middle English chivalric romance. It is one of the best known Arthurian stories, and is of a type known as the beheading game. The Green Knight is interpreted by some as a representation of the Green Man of folklore and by others as an allusion to Christ. Written in stanzas of alliterative verse, each of which ends in a rhyming bob and wheel, it draws on Welsh, Irish and English stories, as well as the French chivalric tradition. It is anRead More Chivalry in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Knight’s Tale, and Malory’s Morte2061 Words   |  9 Pages The term â€Å"chivalry† refers to one of the most popular medieval social ideals. Indeed, this term has excited the imagination of poets and readers throughout history, and modern cultures continue to revise the chivalric ideals of past ages. However, pinpointing what the term meant within the medieval period is difficult at best. The source of this difficulty lies within the fact that there was never one consistent definition for chivalry. Indeed, the meaning of the word seems to shift betweenRead MoreSir Gawain and the Green Knight Hunt vs. Temptation: a Comparison816 Words   |  4 PagesSir Gawain and the Green Knight is an Arthurian poem; an enchanting story of chivalry, romance and heroism. With its intricately woven details, parallels and symbols, the reader will often easily overlook these facets in a story of this caliber. Undoubtedly, the author would not have spent time on details that do not add to the meaning of the overall telling of the story. The three hunting scenes in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, and in parallel, the three temptations, monopolize a consid erable

The Constitutionality Of Redressing Historic Injustice Essay

Lauren Pardue GOVT 2306 M2 27 December 2016 Affirmative Action: The Constitutionality of Redressing Historic Injustice One of the most problematic and controversial issues in The United States of America is affirmative action. Affirmative action is a policy of affording minorities certain privileges in order to combat the historical prejudice against them. In an effort to redress the historical injustices faced by African Americans, Hispanics, and other minorities, universities and employers across the nation have taken race into account when admitting students or hiring employees. Abigail Fisher, of Texas, applied for admission into the University of Texas at Austin (UT) and was denied; she sued the public university on the grounds of racial discrimination or reverse racism in the supreme court case Fisher v University of Texas. Abigail Fisher is a white female from Sugarland, Texas. Both her father and her older sister are UT alumni. She was not in the top ten percent of her class, so she was not granted automatic admissions to UT per Texas House Bill 588 (HB 588), which grants automatic admission to public high school students who graduated in the top ten percent of their class. When Texas Senate Bill 175 was passed in 2009, UT could cap the number of students automatically admitted at seventy-five percent of the incoming class (or the top seven percent of high school graduates). Only fifteen percent of the incoming class consists of Texas residents not in the top seven

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Free Essays

Brendan Orner Mr. Whewell AP Literature 3/21/13 Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Theme: Isolation * The speaker appears to be telling this poem as if he is distant or far away from any other person * â€Å"His house is in the village though† (2) * People do not/cannot own woods * The word woods brings up the idea of an untamable wild area * â€Å"He will not see me stopping here† (3) This quote brings up the idea that the speaker is slightly paranoid * Instead of using a word like catch or find, the speaker decides to use the word see, as if someone is looking for him or directly at him right then * This also brings up the idea that the speaker wishes to be left alone * â€Å"The little horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near† (5-6) The speaker is walking along at this point in the poem, when he sees a horse in the middle of nowhere * The horse also has human-like qualities, for it can think and has its own opinions, changing the thought th at the speaker is alone after all * â€Å"The only other sound’s the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. † (11-12) * This is one of those times when a person is an a spot where it is eerily quiet, and yet because of this, they feel like someone is watching them * If someone is watching the speaker, then it furthers the idea that he is not alone * â€Å"And miles to go before I sleep. We will write a custom essay sample on Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening or any similar topic only for you Order Now And miles to go before I sleep. † (15-16) * The repetition of this line emphasizes the thought to the reader that the speaker has a long way to go until he gets ‘home’ * It never clears up the thought of if the speaker is ever truly alone out in the forest though Tone: Solemn and Indirect * â€Å"The only other sound’s the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. † (11-12) This quote is a great example of how solemn the poem truly is * These lines make the speaker seem to be alone, yet to be watched at the same time * It makes the reader feel sympathetic for the speaker since he truly is alone in the woods, and by imagining other people watching him, he is paranoid * When someone is paranoid, most other people view him or her in a condescending way (with a solemn attitude) * The poem’s message of loneliness is also said indirectly * â€Å"And miles to go before I sleep. And miles to go before I sleep. † (15-16) These lines let the reader infe r that the speaker is very far away from home * This home though could be inferred to be the speaker’s sanity or his family, both of which may be lost (or in his family’s case, dead) * â€Å"He will not see me stopping here† (3) * This quote has both an indirect message and a solemn tone * It is telling the reader that the speaker does seem to be alone, yet is being watched or looked for by someone else, and this makes him nervous * The indirect message given here is how the speaker really wants nothing more than to just be alone, without anyone else around to bother him How to cite Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening, Essay examples

Physio-Ex Blood Analysis Computer Simulation Essay Example

Physio-Ex Blood Analysis: Computer Simulation Essay In this lab five blood tests will be performed: hematocrit determination, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hemoglobin determination, blood typing, and total cholesterol determination. A â€Å"hematocrit refers to the percentage of red blood cells (RBC’s) in a sample of whole blood. Since the function of red blood cells is the transport of oxygen to the cells of the body, the higher the hematocrit, the more red blood cells are available to carry oxygen. † In a normal, healthy male the value for males is 47% and in a normal, healthy female it is 42%. A person with a lower than normal hematocrit would indicate they are anemic, and a higher than normal hematocrit would indicate polycythemia. â€Å"Anemia is a condition in which insufficient oxygen is transported to the body’s cells. There are many possible causes for anemia, including inadequare numbers of red blood cells, decreased amount of the oxygen-carrying pigment hemoglobin, and abnormal hemoglobin. Polycythemia refers to a significant increase in red blood cells. Some causes for this increase in red blood cells are tumors in bone marrow, vigorous athletic training, and living in a place that is higher in altitude. To determine a hematocrit value a whole blood sample is put into microcapillary tube and spun in a special microhematocrit centrifuge. By doing this the blood sample will separate the blood cells from the blood plasma and there will be a â€Å"buffy coat† of white blood cells between the layer of blood plasma and red blood cell layer. We will write a custom essay sample on Physio-Ex Blood Analysis: Computer Simulation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Physio-Ex Blood Analysis: Computer Simulation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Physio-Ex Blood Analysis: Computer Simulation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Then the hematocrit value can be determined â€Å"by measuring the height of the layer of red cells in millimeters and dividing that number by the height of the initial column of blood to obtain the percentage of red blood cells. In this experiment there will be six samples from six individuals, a healthy male who lives in Boston, a healthy female who lives in Boston, a healthy male who lives in Denver, a healthy female who lives in Denver, a male with aplastic anemia, and a female with iron-deficiency anemia. What should be seen in these experiments is that they healthy male and female living in Boston should have an average hematocrit value, the healthy male and female living in Denver should have an elevated hematocrit, the male with aplastic anemia will most likely have a very low hematocrit, and the female with iron-deficiency anemia will also have a low hematocrit. â€Å"The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) measures the settling of red blood cells in a vertical, stationary tube of blood during one hour. In a healthy person the red blood cells do not settle or settle very little over an hour, but â€Å"in some disease conditions, increased production of fibrinogen and immunoglobulins cause the red blood cells to clump together, stack up, and form a column†, which is called rouleaux formation. When the cells are grouped like this the red blood cells are heavier and they settle much faster. This test can be used to follow the progression of certain disease conditions like sickle cell anemia and inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. When a condition worsens the ESR will increase and then when it improves the ESR will decrease. Sometimes a female who is menstruating will develop anemia and in turn will have increase in ESR, as well as someone who has iron deficiency anemia. â€Å" The ESR can be used to evaluate a patient with chest pains: the ESR is elevated in established myocardial infarction but normal in angina pectoris. † In this experiment there will be six samples from six individuals, a healthy individual, a menstruating female, a person with sickle cell anemia, a person with iron-deficiency anemia, a person suffering from a myocardial infarction, and a person suffering from angina pectoris. The healthy individual should have very little settling, a menstruating female will probably have an increased ESR, the individuals with sickle cell anemia, iron-deficiency anemia, and the person who is suffering a myocardial infarction, will all probably have an elevated ESR, and the individual suffering from angina pectoris will probably have a decreased ESR. Hemoglobin is a protein that is found in red blood cells, this protein is essential for the transportation of oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the cells in the body. â€Å"Anemia results when insufficient oxygen is carried in the blood. A quantitative hemoglobin determination is useful for determining the classification and possible causes of anemia and gives useful information on some other disease conditions. † Blood in a healthy individual contains approximately 12-18 grams of hemoglobin per 100 milliliters. â€Å"A healthy male has 13. 5 to 18 g/100 ml; a healthy female has 12 to 16 g/100 ml. † In a person with polycythemia, congestive heart failure, or someone living in a high altitude location, will have increased hemoglobin. To figure the hemoglobin content, a sample of blood will be stirred with a wooden stick which will rupture, or lyse, the cells. The intensity of the color of the lysed blood is a result of the amount of hemoglobin present. † To determine the hemoglobin content of a sample, a hemoglobinometer will compare the samples color to standard values. â€Å"The hemoglobinometer transmits green light though the hemolyzed blood sample. The amount of light that passes through the sample is compared to standard color intensities. † For this experiment, five samples will be evaluated, a healthy male, healthy female, a female with iron-deficiency anemia, a male with polycythemia, and a female Olympic athlete. The healthy male and female should have an average hemoglobin value, probably around 12-18 g/100 ml, the female with iron-deficiency will most likely a low hemoglobin value, and the individual with polycythemia and the Olympic athlete will probably have a much higher hemoglobin value. Every person has a blood type and it is important to know a persons blood type before performing a blood transfusion in order to avoid mixing blood that is incompatible. Red blood cells, like all cells in the body, are surrounded by a plasma membrane. â€Å"The plasma membrane contains genetically determined glycoproteins, called antigens, that identify the cells. On red blood cell membranes, these antigens are called agglutinogens. † There are many different antigens that are present on red blood cell membranes, but the ABO and Rh antigens cause the most vigorous and potentially fatal transfusion reactions. â€Å"The ABO blood groups are determined by the presence or absence of two antigens: type A and type B. These antigens are genetically determined so a person has two copies (alleles) of the gene for these proteins. The presence of these antigens is due to a dominate gene, and their absence is due to a recessive gene. The Rh factor is another genetically determined protein that may be present on red blood cell membranes. Antibodies to the Rh factor are not found preformed in the plasma. These antibodies are produced only after exposure to the Rh factor by persons who are Rh negative. † Type A blood will have A antigens on red blood cells and anti-B antibodies present in the plasma. Type B blood will have B antigens on red blood cells and anti-A antibodies present in the plasma. Type AB blood will have A and B antigens on red blood cells and no antibodies present in the plasma. Type O blood will have no antigens on red blood cells and anti-A and anti-B antibodies will be present in the plasma. In order to determine blood type, â€Å"separate drops of a blood sample are mixed with anti-sera containing antibodies to the types A and B antigens and antibodies to the Rh factor. An agglutination reaction (showing clumping) indicated the presence of the agglutination. † This experiment will be testing six different samples of blood and determining the blood types of each sample. â€Å"Cholesterol is a lipid substance that is essential for life. It is an important component of all cell membranes and is the basis for making steroid hormones, vitamin D, and bile salts. † LDL, low density liproprotein, is a type of lipoprotein package that has been identified as a source of damage to the interior of arteries and can contribute to atherosclerosis, which is a buildup of plaque, in these blood vessels. â€Å"Less than 200 milligrams of total cholesterol per deciliter of blood is considered desirable. Between 200 and 239 mg/dl is considered borderline high cholesterol. Over 240 mg/dl is considered high blood cholesterol and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In testing for total blood cholesterol, four samples of blood will be mixed with enzymes that will produce a colored reaction with cholesterol. There is a color tester of standard values that will compare the color intensity of the samples to determine the cholesterol level. The color tester starts from a very light green, which is a low cholesterol level, and starts to get darker as the cholesterol level goes up. We would see a sample with a normal cholesterol level to be on the lighter green side and a sample with a high cholesterol level to be a much darker green.